CHE Xiangchen (1898-1971) was a renowned modern popular educator and a pioneer of physical education in Northeast China during the new China era.His physical education thoughts is a typical representative in the history of modern and contemporary Chinese education that resonates with the nation’s destiny and the demands of the times,demonstrating the progress of thoughts from saving the nation through sports to educating people through sports.By reviewing the thoughts exploration and practice of CHE Xiangchen on physical education,this study can reproduce the functional evolution of Chinese physical education from a tool for national salvation to a carrier for promoting the all-round development of individuals.It can also inspire the construction of a localized sports education model suitable for China’s national conditions.This study,focusing on historical retrospection and realistic enlightenment,systematically reviews CHE Xiangchen’s lifelong dedication to physical education,and holds that his physical education thoughts is closely linked to the themes of the times,spanning the pre-war,war,and post-liberation periods in Northeast China.It highlights historical contributions of fostering a patriotic spirit,advocating an all-round development educational view,and leading the trend of sports ethics.A systematic analysis of CHE Xiangchen’s physical education thoughts can provide realistic enlightenment for the construction of sports disciplines and the development of specialties in contemporary universities,and offer historical references for new explorations of the integration of sports and education in local contexts.

Systematic and effective instruction of knowledge principles in physical education and health is essential for implementing Compulsory Education Physical Education and Health Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition).Taking Level Three of the new standards as an example,the detailed textual analysis reveals that this level requires mastery of approximately 107 groups of knowledge principles,covering wide range of domains.Considering that physical education classes focus primarily on physical activities and have limited instructional time,this study clarifies the conceptual definition and types of these knowledge principles,proposes a three-dimensional selection basis (“must-know,must-understand and must-teach”),and categorizes them into seven types suitable for classroom teaching.Based on cognitive load,situated cognition,embodied cognition and constructivism theory,the study proposes the instructional strategies of “every-lesson instruction” and “just-in-time instruction”,outlining practical methods and operational key points for six critical lesson phases:lesson introduction,preparation activities,skill practice,problem handling,class summary and out-of-class extension.This study provides theoretical support and practical pathways for precise,systematic and efficient instruction of knowledge principles in physical education and health within primary and secondary schools.

Promoting the physical health of adolescents is a crucial measure for advancing the construction of sports power and healthy China in the new era.This study adopts the methods of literature review and logical analysis,based on the theory of symbiosis,with symbiotic units,symbiotic models and symbiotic environments as anchor points,to construct symbiotic system for promoting adolescents’ physical health.From three dimensions of subject construction,model transition and environmental optimization,this study clarifies the evolutionary trajectory of symbiotic system for promoting adolescents’ physical health,transitioning from singular to pluralistic,from differentiated symbiosis to reciprocal symbiosis,and from closing to opening.So it is necessary to stimulate development drivers such as benefit drivers,demand drivers and technological change drivers,providing sustained power supply for the evolution of the symbiotic system.Accordingly,the practical pathways such as cultivating diverse and collaborative symbiotic units,innovating mutually beneficial symbiotic models,and creating open and superior symbiotic environments are proposed to provide actionable solutions for promoting the symbiotic development of adolescents’ physical health.

Teachers are the foundation of education and the wellspring of education;A strong country must come followed by strong education firstly,and then by strong teachers.The technology iteration of artificial intelligence will provide strong supports for the professional development of physical education teachers in the new era.This study uses the methods of literature review and logical analysis to investigate the theoretical connotation and practical dilemmas of the professional development of primary and secondary school physical education teachers in China,directed by “artificial intelligence + physical education teachers’ professional development”.The study identifies issues including technological cognitive bias obstructing the innovation of physical education teachers’ professional concepts,a digital literacy gap limiting the enhancement of their professional knowledge,insufficient integration of digital intelligence impeding the advancement of their professional capabilities,and inadequate application of intelligence undermining the development of their professional sentiments.It also proposes practical approaches:discovering the value and effectiveness of artificial intelligence to innovate the professional concepts of physical education teachers;strengthening the cultivation of artificial intelligence literacy to enrich their professional knowledge;promoting the cross-border integration of artificial intelligence to develop their professional abilities;and expanding the application scenarios of artificial intelligence to deepen their professional sentiments.

Disciplinary cultural confidence in sports science is an important part of developing an autonomous knowledge system of sports with Chinese characteristics and advancing high-quality disciplinary growth.Guided by the theory of cultural stratification,this study adopts methods of literature review,historical analysis and comparative research to systematically expound the connotation and structure of such cultural confidence across material,institutional,intellectual and spiritual aspects,and its generative logic from historical,practical and contemporary dimensions.It further conducts an in-depth analysis of the practical dilemmas in propelling the disciplinary cultural confidence in China’s sports science.Accordingly,the study proposes practical approaches to propel such cultural confidence from four aspects:strengthening material carrier support,consolidating institutional guarantee,improving the paradigm of autonomous knowledge production,and inheriting and innovating the spiritual and cultural genealogy.It aims to provide theoretical support and practical references for the autonomous construction of the disciplinary,academic,and discourse systems of China’s sports science in the new era.

To explore the differential mechanisms of different environmental support strategies on adolescents’ physical exercise habits and the mediating role of health belief,this study constructed a hypothetical model based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theory,incorporating environmental support,health belief,and adolescents’ physical exercise habits.A cluster sampling survey was conducted among 2 477 adolescents aged 9-18 in Hubei Province using the Environmental Support Scale,Health Belief Scale,and Physical Exercise Habit Scale.The results show that:(1) All three dimensions of environmental support have positive effects on adolescents’ physical exercise habits,with the magnitude of effects ranked as informational support>interpersonal support>facility support;(2) Health belief mediate the relationship between environmental support and adolescents’ physical exercise habits.Specifically,facility support positively influences adolescents’ physical exercise habits by enhancing self-efficacy and increasing perceived severity;interpersonal support positively influences adolescents’ physical exercise habits by strengthening perceived benefits and self-efficacy while reducing perceived barriers;informational support positively influences adolescents’ physical exercise habits by stimulating perceived benefits,enhancing self-efficacy,and increasing perceived severity.Therefore,when implementing different environmental support strategies,emphasis should be placed on shaping and reinforcing multi-dimensional health belief among adolescents to promote the development of their physical exercise habits.

Artificial intelligence(AI) empowering physical education and health interdisciplinary thematic learning is an important mission in deepening the reform of the physical education curriculum.Using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this study explores the practical drivers,key dimensions and guarantee strategies for AI empowering such learning practices.The findings indicate that the practical drivers consist of three aspects:the drop of the practice effects in the interdisciplinary thematic learning,the optimization and upgrading of learning elements through AI empowerment,and the intrinsic compatibility between AI and interdisciplinary learning in the context of educational development.The empowerment of AI manifests in five key dimensions:the aggregation and generation of learning theme,the precise setting of learning objective,the intelligent supply of learning content,human-AI collaboration in the learning process,and evidence-driven learning evaluation.Accordingly,strategies are proposed:enhancing students’ learning momentum,improving the intelligent literacy of physical education teachers,optimizing the intelligent school ecology,and refining the regulatory framework for AI applications.

In the context of the modernization transformation of education,sports offer new possibilities for enhancing the leadership of ideological and political education with its unique physical practicality,cultural symbolism and social interactivity.This paper employs the methods of literature review and logical analysis,based on the theory of embodied moral education,to reveal the three-dimensional logical mechanisms by which sports empower the enhancement of ideological and political education leadership.At the historical logic level,diachronic integration is achieved through the continuation of cultural genes,the iteration of educational functions and the elevation of political ethics.At the practical logic level,it responds to the interwoven effects of the demands of the times,social needs and educational requirements.At the theoretical logic level,a cross-reinforcing system of policy guidance,theoretical support and strategic requirements should be established.Its predicaments are manifested in four layers of obstruction such as the ontological and practical disconnection of the innovation of the embodied moral education paradigm in physical education courses,the structural and functional imbalance in the modernization of sports activity education governance,the deconstruction of subjects and rights in the construction of the educational community for physical education of teachers and students,and the disconnection of the symbols and meanings in the reproduction of sports culture.Accordingly,four collaborative paths are proposed to reconstruct the ideological and political education system in the curriculum to enhance the integration of ideological and political education through the update of physical education courses,to build an ecological embodied field to promote the affinity of ideological and political education through sports activities,to strengthen the value guidance of teachers to enhance the leadership of ideological and political education with the guidance of physical education teachers,and to activate collective memory identity to promote the dissemination power of ideological and political education through the translation of sports culture.

Transforming urban industrial heritage into sports space is an energy saving and efficient way for space development and utilization.This study uses the methods of literature review,participatory observation,in-depth interviews and case study and takes Beijing Shougang Park as the main case.By expanding Lefebvre’s theory of space production to the intersection of industrial heritage and sports,it aims to explore the mechanisms and paths of transforming urban industrial heritage into sports space.It shows that the mechanisms of transforming urban industrial heritage into sports space include reconstructing the basic space carriers by physical reforming,expanding the space symbolic meanings by cultural integration,and driving the practice of spatial activities by complex social demands.Three transforming paths are established,which involve optimizing spatial arrangement driven by policies,capital and social demands,creating cultural landmarks by dual experiences of industry and sports and media dissemination,as well as innovating cooperation networks and models guided by sports consumption.

Governance innovation in rural sports events is an important pathway to promoting the equalization of public sports services in urban and rural areas and stimulating endogenous motivation in rural areas.Using case analysis and logical analysis,this study explores the theoretical and practical mechanisms of governance innovation in rural sports events.It suggests that rural sports events encompass governance innovation practices such as the iterative evolution of a “people centered” cognition,structural transformation through multi-stakeholder collaboration,process reengineering via consultative co-governance,and paradigm upgrading through digital empowerment,which form a progressive logical system,ranging from value orientation to organizational support,and further to operational rules and methodological reinforcement.These innovative practices achieve cross regional dissemination through model adoption and capacity development,top level design and local response,and media narratives and symbolic construction,thereby shaping a positive synergistic effect between governance innovation and efficiency enhancement in rural sports events.However,challenges such as the alienation of organizational learning,deviations in policy implementation,and paradoxes in cultural empowerment.These issues need to be deepened and adjusted by reforming organizational learning paradigms,adjusting policy implementation behaviors and reshaping the logic of cultural empowerment,so as to provide replicable models of sports governance practice for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.

This study employs research methods such as literature review,logical analysis and case study to systematically analyze the contemporary responsibilities and pathways of higher sports colleges in advancing the Healthy China Initiative from three dimensions: individual health,societal health and national health.It suggests that in the process of building a Healthy China Initiative,higher sports colleges in China bear the contemporary responsibilities of cultivating a new generation with comprehensive physical and mental development,fostering interdisciplinary talents that serve economic and social development,and consolidating spiritual strength for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Simultaneously,higher sports colleges are faced with challenges such as a stereotyped pattern to educational positioning and talent cultivation models,difficulties in converting advanced academic achievements into economic and social benefits,lagging interdisciplinary education systems integrating “sports+health”,and insufficient contributions to serving national competitive sports strategies.Accordingly,the following pathways are proposed: innovating educational philosophies and talent development orientations as guide to reform the cultivation model of sports talents;improving individual health as foundation to foster interdisciplinary approaches to cultivate sports talents with comprehensive physical and mental literacy;optimizing societal health as the core focus to serve national strategic transitions and local economic and social development requirements;and aiming to enhance national health quality to support competitive sports in winning honor for the nation and shaping the national image.

This study uses the methods of literature review and field investigation to elaborate the “village series” sports events in China from the perspective of dual governance.It mainly analyzes the dilemmas and operation mechanisms of dual governance in R county and E prefecture as typical cases,and further proposes practical strategies,which purpose is to provide reference for constructing new governance models of rural sports events.It suggests that there are some actual dilemmas in dual governance of “village series” sports events in China,such as incomplete organizational coordination system,weak mobilization ability of talents in sports events,and poor connection in service guarantee chains in sports events.Therefore,some operation mechanisms are built,such as the organizational coordination mechanism from simple autonomy to bureaucratic co-governance,the talent mobilization mechanism from regional aggregation resources to cross-domain mobilization resources,and the event service guarantee mechanism from moderate patrol to the legal governance.Accordingly,the practical strategies are proposed to build the organizational collaborative structure characterized by county-level coordination,multi-participation and rural response;to establish the event employment networks of single leading,double-ended parallelism and continuous integration;and to develop the event guarantee schemes of efficient relations,contract engagement and synchronous scheduling.

The precise control of the generation and supervision of operation risks in professional sports in China is conducive to accelerating the construction of a benign ecology for the high-quality development of professional sports.By using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this paper analyzes the concept,characteristics and formation mechanisms of the operation risks of professional sports in China,and puts forward the supervision paths.It suggests that the operational risks in China’s professional sports exhibit a variety of characteristics,including the interweaving of endogenous and exogenous factors,the coexistence of diversity and complexity,the concurrent occurrence of high frequency and suddenness,as well as the co-occurrence of impact and hazard.Moreover,the risks in professional sports are driven by the dynamic coupling of risk factors and their mechanisms of action.Accordingly,the supervision paths are proposed from the perspective of holistic governance:Aiming at the prominent characteristics of professional sports operation risks,the principled supervision should be implemented as a whole;Focusing on the key elements of professional sports operation risks,penetrating supervision should be implemented accurately;Controlling the risk mechanisms of professional sports operation,the whole process supervision should be implemented scientifically;Mobilizing the enthusiasm of multiple subjects of professional sports,responsive supervision should be implemented comprehensively.

The coordination and optimization of the multiple stakeholder relationship of China’s professional volleyball league is the key to promote the professionalized and marketized reform and high-quality development of the league.Based on the stakeholder theory,using the methods of literature review,logical analysis,field survey and expert interview,this paper systematically identifies the main stakeholders of China’s professional volleyball league,and sorts out the interest demands and motivations of various stakeholders in detail.Based on the construction of the stakeholder relationship framework,this paper systematically analyzes the stakeholder relationship conflict of China’s professional volleyball league,and puts forward the high-quality development pathways.It shows that the relationship conflicts among the stakeholders of China’s professional volleyball league are manifested in four core conflicts result in the lack of effective integration of multiple interest demands,non-fluent information transmission and cognitive bias,the centralization of power and the imbalance of power allocation of decision-makers and imperfect legal system and frequent policy adjustments.Accordingly,this paper puts forward the high-quality development pathways from four aspects:to build a diversified cooperation platform,to open up communication barriers and information channels,to improve the league match system and foreign aid policies and to improve the legal and policy system.

Embodied artificial intelligence is the key force in supporting coaches’ on-the-spot decision-making.This study explores the logical mechanisms,practical dilemmas and relief paths of embodied artificial intelligence supporting coaches’ on-the-spot decision-making by employing the methods of literature review,logical analysis,field research and interviews.It concludes that embodied artificial intelligence can support coaches’ on-the-spot decision-making in three ways:First,it enhances the efficiency of capturing decision-making information through embodied perception.Second,it improves the collaborative interaction experience in decision-making through embodied behavior.Third,it strengthens the quality of decision-making suggestions through embodied cognition.However,supporting coaches’ on-the-spot decision-making with embodied artificial intelligence remain faces practical dilemmas,including technological constraints on the integration of perceptual information,interaction bottlenecks in the coordination of subjects’ behaviors,and ethical issues in supporting scientific decision-making.Accordingly,the following relief paths are proposed:breaking through technological bottlenecks to build an adaptive multi-modal perception system;optimizing human-intelligence interaction to promote intelligent upgrades in dynamic interaction paradigms;and clarifying application boundaries to strengthen ethical governance in human-intelligence collaborative decision-making.

New quality productive forces is an advanced form of productivity that conforms to the new development concept,providing important impetus for stimulating the vitality of China’s ice and snow economy.By using the methods of literature review,field investigation and logical analysis,this study systematically sorts out the internal logic,practical constraints and promotion paths of new quality productive forces stimulating the vitality of ice and snow economy.It aims to address productivity bottlenecks in the development of ice and snow economy,enabling it to serve as a growth pole driving regional economic upgrading,supporting national fitness initiatives,and advancing China’s sports power strategy.It suggests that the internal logic of new quality productive forces stimulating the vitality of ice and snow economy is reflected in technological revolutionary innovation as the key breakthrough point,leading the intelligent development of ice and snow economy;in focusing on innovative allocation of resources through the integration of digital technology and real economy,promoting efficient upgrading of ice and snow economy;in anchoring in the direction of deep industrial transformation and upgrading,enhancing the green development of ice and snow economy;and in taking the systematic improvement of total factor productivity as the core symbol,achieving the integration of the four chains of ice and snow economy.New quality productive forces face practical constraints in stimulating the vitality of ice and snow economy,including insufficient technological driving force that hinders the improvement of innovation capability,low integration of digital technology and real economy that limits the balanced allocation of production factors,insufficient deep transformation and upgrading of industries that affects the improvement of development environment,and broken integration of industrial chains that restricts the improvement of total factor productivity.Accordingly,the following promotion paths are proposed to strengthen technology-driven development,stimulating the momentum for innovative development;to advance the integration of digital technology and real economy,optimizing the efficiency of factor allocation;to reinforce an eco-friendly business foundation,accelerating industrial upgrading;and to deepen the integrated development of the entire industrial chain,enhancing total factor productivity.

In the new development stage,a consumption-driven domestic demand system is rapidly taking shape.Actively cultivating sports events as a new consumption growth area is essential for advancing the high-quality development of the sports industry and promoting stable consumption growth.Using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this paper clarifies the connotation of sports event consumption based on the theoretical foundations of consumption economics and the perspective of consumption chain.It analyzes the formation of sports event consumption preferences through the lens of consumption capital accumulation and examines the logic behind sustained long-term growth in sports event consumption.The study also identifies constraints such as insufficient consumer capacity,structural imbalance in the supply of consumer object,and weak support from the consumption environment.Accordingly,to foster long-term sustained growth of sports event consumption,it is necessary to cultivate consumers and strengthen residents’ capacity for sports event consumption;to optimize event supply and improve the demand compatibility of the supply system;and to improve the consumption environment and unleash residents’ demand for sports event consumption.

Under the background of the national strategy of Healthy China and national fitness,the fitness service industry is entering a new stage of intelligent,collaborative and ecological development,while digital and intelligent technologies have become a key engine to promote the industrial structure upgrade and reconfiguration of productive factors within the fitness services industry.This paper employs the methods of literature review,field research and questionnaire survey to elaborate the essence and characteristics of digital and intelligent technologies empowering innovative development of the fitness service industry.By combining the characteristics of intelligent embedded,digital integrated and platform compatible of digital and intelligent technologies,it analyzes the practical challenges encountered in areas such as technological iteration and redundancy,data factors development and circulation,infrastructure upgrades and management.Accordingly,the following practical approaches are proposed:adopting a people-centered,multi-faceted coordination strategy to focus on users’ core technological needs;standardizing data resource management to enhance cross-sector integration and synergy through technological empowerment;and promoting the development of new infrastructure to establish a new fitness service system featuring platform compatibility and human-machine collaboration.

This study systematically explores the construction of cultural symbols of the Chinese sportsmanship from the perspective of ethnic identity by using research methods of literature review,logical analysis and case study.It suggests that the cultural symbols of the Chinese sportsmanship refer to symbolic carriers that use specific and perceivable symbolic forms to carry and spread the connotation of the Chinese sportsmanship,with six characteristics:symbolism,sharedness,nationality,iconicity,consensus and practicality.The basic conditions for the construction of such cultural symbols include deeply consolidating the cultural carriers that inherit the ethnic collective struggle memories,typically extracting the cultural markers that carry the ethnic shared spiritual traits,dynamically integrating the cultural symbols that display the ethnic multiple symbiotic culture,and long-term consolidating the cultural media that maintain the ethnic profound emotional bonds.At present,the dilemmas of the construction of those symbols are that the vague core meaning of the symbols,the loose topological structure,the narrow decoding channels,and the fragmented communication media.Accordingly,a four-dimensional construction path is proposed:refining the core elements of symbols,building the symbol framework,creating the symbol interpretation space and building the symbol communication matrix.

The digital development of sports intangible cultural heritage is an inherent requirement for the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese outstanding traditional sports culture.Using literature review,logical analysis,field investigation and case analysis,based on the spatial production theory,this study explores the spatial turning,patterns and practical paths of digital preservation of sports intangible cultural heritage in China.It concludes that:(1) The spatial turning constitutes the logical premise of the digital preservation of sports intangible cultural heritage.The digital spatial practices,spatial representations and representational spaces of sports intangible cultural heritage are shifting towards extension,virtualization and mobility respectively.(2) The spatial patterns map the problematic manifestation of the digital preservation of sports intangible cultural heritage.Under the perspective of spatial production,the digital preservation of sports intangible cultural heritage faces the realities of de-domain reconstruction of material entity space,reminiscence of cultural lineage in spiritual cultural space,and relational departure from social life space.Based on the above,the practical paths for the digital preservation of sports intangible cultural heritage are proposed to process place-based re-embedding to construct digital experiential space of virtual-real integration;to raise regeneration of cultural lineage to activate digital cultural space of multi-dimensional narrative;and to make relational reconstruction to reshape the digital interaction space of emotional connection.