Using literature review and logical analysis，this study focuses on movement education and preschool physical activities in the context of building an education power.By examining the connotations of movement education and preschool physical activities，it explores the theoretical coupling logic of integrating movement education into preschool physical activities.On this basis，it analyzes the practical problems and proposes pathways for implementation.The findings suggest that integrating movement education into preschool physical activities in the context of building an education power can achieve theoretical coupling in terms of objectives，processes，and mechanisms.However，structural，procedural，and developmental contradictions persist.Accordingly，drawing on embodied cognition theory，practical pathways are elaborated for integrating movement education into preschool physical activities： deepening the structural alignment between implementation vehicles for activities and movement education’s objectives；enhancing the pedagogical coherence between educators’ competencies and the implementation of movement education；and optimizing needs alignment between young children’s individual differences and movement education standards，thereby promoting high-quality development of preschool physical activities in China.

Consolidating the sense of community for the Chinese nation is a crucial contemporary proposition in advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.It is also a fundamental task that school physical education must undertake.Using literature review and logical analysis，and drawing on cultural semiotics，this study constructs a theoretical framework comprising three dimensions—material，behavioral and spiritual—emphasizing the critical role of cultural symbols as the cognitive foundation，emotional bond，and carrier of value identity.This study identifies the psychological mechanism underlying the formation of the sense of community for the Chinese nation in terms of cognition，emotion and behavior，and further translates these into practical approaches characterized as “visible，affective and effective”.It suggests that school physical education should visibly highlight cultural symbols in teaching，extracurricular activities and sports competitions；create emotional resonance through affective experiences involving families，schools and communities；and establish a dynamic monitoring and evaluation system through effective mechanisms.This study expands the application perspective of semiotic theory in the field of school physical education and provides practical approaches for consolidating the sense of community for the Chinese nation through school physical education.

As artificial intelligence （AI） rapidly penetrates public service delivery systems，it is becoming an important driver of China’s government-led and socially coordinated national fitness organization network construction.Drawing on literature review and logical analysis and focusing on the key parts in it，this paper systematically elucidates the empowering pathways through which AI supports network development： data integration，standard modeling，computing power scheduling and organizational restructuring.It further highlights several constraints that may emerge during intelligent transformation，including departmental fragmentation and privacy constraints that can weaken collaborative efficiency，standardization bias embedded in general-purpose generative models that may produce mismatches between technical schemes and place-specific needs，spatial concentration of computing resources that can widen urban-rural disparities in the accessibility of public sports services，and the expansion of algorithmic instrumental rationality that may induce the alienation of human-machine collaboration.Accordingly，the paper proposes the practical dimensions： enhancing the efficiency of data collaborative governance through “sandbox regulation plus flexible regulation”； improving the contextualization and equity of standard paradigms through “government data plus human observation”； reducing the urban-rural accessibility gap and the digital divide through “edge federation plus computing power sinking”； and advancing co-construction，co-governance and human-machine symbiosis through “distributed participation plus social embedding”.These insights provide theoretical support and policy implications for the high-quality development of China’s national fitness business.

The practice of large-scale sports events driving the Healthy China initiative exhibits fragmented and short-term characteristics.How to achieve the long-term transformation of the health benefits of large-scale sports events through systematic governance has become a critical issue requiring urgent resolution.Employing methods such as literature review，logical analysis and case studies，this research introduces catalyst theory and constructs a dynamic analytical model of “catalyst activation-effect diffusion-ecological solidification”.It elucidates the driving process whereby large-scale sports events initiate catalyst activation through health-oriented strategic anchoring and element implantation，subsequently triggering chain reactions that promote the diffusion of catalyst effects，and ultimately achieve the ecological solidification of health benefits through normalized construction.Currently，this driving process faces practical obstacles including deviations in goal orientation，fragmentation in the execution process，and difficulties in sustaining outcomes.Accordingly，the systematic governance paths are proposed：centered on the return to goal orientation，reshaping of the execution process and optimization of outcome sustainability，and supported by enhanced efficacy assurance.

Localized education of rural schools sports in ethnic regions is an effective way to address the tension between educational modernization and localization in the context of building education power and sports power in the new era，and to achieve high-quality development of rural schools sports in ethnic regions.Through the methods of literature review and logical analysis，this study explores the appearance context，forms and paths of localized education of rural schools sports in ethnic regions.It suggests that rural schools sports in ethnic regions is facing practical challenges such as “deterritorialization” and “cultural virtualization”.Localized education advocates for deep interaction between schools sports and local communities，as well as the creative transformation and utilization of indigenous resources，aiming to drive fundamental reforms in the forms of rural schools sports of ethnic regions.The study presents the emergence form of localized education in rural schools sports in ethnic minority areas，which involves the reconstruction of cultural confidence，the integration of cultural soil and the cultivation of cultural heritage.It proposes emergence paths such as stimulating the subject consciousness，building a symbiotic system of home，school and community，and developing local sports courses.

Youth “sports delivery” services，an emerging business model that integrates sports services with the digital platform economy，are built on convenience—a feature that has engendered profound structural paradoxes.Using the methods of literature review，logical analysis and field research，and drawing on a paradox-based theoretical lens to integrate multidisciplinary perspectives，this study systematically examines the underlying logic of the model’s emergence and identifies paradox of convenience： the conflict between efficiency first and safety vacuum，the tension between personalized customization and standardization missing，and the contradiction between consumer empowerment and regulatory disorder.To resolve these paradoxes，the study proposes the multi-stakeholder collaborative governance paths：First，it calls for establishing venue safety standards and certification mechanisms，strengthening mandatory coach qualification reviews and safety training，and introducing compulsory service safety liability insurance to set a “safety threshold” for efficiency.Second，it recommends developing basic service norms and effect evaluation frameworks，creating a data-driven coach certification system，and strongly promoting standardized electronic service agreements to achieve “standardized personalization”.Third，it emphasizes clarifying the platforms’ gatekeeping responsibilities，strengthening the industry associations’ self-regulation，and improving consumers’ rights protection and supervision channels to foster a new pattern of collaborative governance.

Football is a typical sport in terms of injury risk.As participants in campus football，adolescents are both potential creators and bearers of risk.Given that the injured parties in youth campus football injury cases are usually primary and secondary school students with limited civil capacity，and that the issue of guardians’ tort liability arises when minors with limited civil capacity cause harm to others，it is necessary to clarify the determination in such cases under the “assumption of risk” rule by drawing on current judicial practice.Through the analysis of 222 judicial documents from China Judgments Online，this study holds that the degree of violation of the “game rules” should serve as the benchmark for determining whether the actor acted with intent or gross negligence.At the same time，schools cannot be exempted from liability under the “assumption of risk” rule.Instead they should adopt an objective judgment standard to determine whether they have fulfilled their educational and management responsibilities，while fully considering the physical and mental characteristics of minors.Schools can promote socialized risk sharing by providing students with specilaized insurance for sports-related accidental injuries.

The transformation in adapting to digitalization of public sports spaces in urban communities in China is a crucial approach to overcome the constraints of “incremental expansion” and achieve the goal of “quality improvement of existing stock” in the urban areas.This study uses literature review，field research and logical analysis to theoretically explore the transformation in adapting to the digitalization of public sports spaces in urban communities in China.It suggests that the key areas for the transformation are at four parts of the mechanism，data，operation and standards； There are practical constraints such as unclear managing rights and responsibilities and inefficient departmental collaboration，high data barriers and unclear data value，lack of professional operation and long-term feedback，and vague unified standards and insufficient dynamic evaluation.Accordingly，the relief strategies are proposed： clarifying the division of rights and responsibilities and building a collaborative mechanism； co-building and sharing platforms and deepening intelligent applications； introducing a professional team and establishing a feedback system； and developing unified standards and implementing dynamic supervision.

As the core business format of sports industry，sports events play an indispensable role in promoting the integrated development of culture，sports and tourism in China.Based on the theory of spatial production，this study constructs an analytical framework of “institution-economy-society-technology”，selects Jiangsu Football City League （JFCL） as the research sample，deconstructs the local practice of mass sports events in promoting the integrated development of culture，sports and tourism，and proposes promotion paths.It suggests that the integration of culture，sports and tourism driven by mass sports events is a process of realizing cultural value manifestation，sports vitality release，and tourism attraction enhancement through the deep interaction and innovative reorganization of industrial elements in a specific time and space.Local practice shows that in the policy space dimension，JFCL provides basic guarantees for the integration of culture，sports and tourism through policy coordination and departmental linkage； in the economic space dimension，JFCL provides core impetus for the integration of culture，sports，and tourism by stimulating the vitality of market entities and expanding consumption scenarios； in the social space dimension，JFCL provides emotional bonds for the integration of culture，sports and tourism through cultural identity and community aggregation； in the technological space dimension，JFCL provides platform support for the integration of culture，sports and tourism through digital communication and traffic monetization.Based on the above，promotion paths are proposed to strengthen the top-level design of mass sports events，to expand the consumption scenarios of mass sports events，to enrich the cultural connotation of mass sports events，and to promote technological innovation of mass sports events.

The space governance of rural sports is not only a crucial means to advance the modernization of national sports governance，but also a necessary measure to promote the construction of livable，business-friendly，harmonious and beautiful countryside.This study uses case analysis，semi-structured interviews and logical analysis to explore the connotations，action mechanisms，and practical paths through which rural sports space governance promotes the construction of harmonious and beautiful countryside.It finds that the action mechanisms by which rural sports space governance promotes harmonious and beautiful rural construction include ecological integration and functional enhancement，business innovation and consumption activation，and cultural revitalization and identity shaping，which help to consolidate a livable ecological foundation，stimulate development momentum，and foster a core spirit of harmony and beauty.Based on the experience of Zhejiang Province，it proposes practical paths： optimizing the ecological space base of rural sports to promote livability； enhancing the value of rural sports production spaces to promote business-friendly environments； and cultivating the culture of rural sports living spaces to promote harmony and beauty，thereby providing strong supports for comprehensive rural revitalization.

The de facto power of International Sports Federations refers to the regulatory power accepted in global sports practice without explicit legal authorization. By the methods of literature review and case analysis， this paper systematically examines the origins， manifestations， and legal nature of this power. It shows that the power is rooted in the monopoly of International Sports Federations and the pyramid structure of international sports governance； the basic forms of de facto power can be summarized as quasi-legislative power， quasi-administrative power and quasi-judicial power； Legally， de facto power has the external effect of social public power and the internal risk of alienated power. Jurisprudential reflection reveals that the de facto power of International Sports Federations may deviate from the basic spirit of social contract theory in operation， and it may infringe many human rights of athletes. To effectively regulate this power within a legal framework， two suggestions are proposed： first， establishing a permanent representative body for athletes， promoting collective bargaining， and introducing the principle of corporate governance to make up for the democratic deficiencies in the governance structure； second， clarifying and strengthening the primary regulatory and remedy responsibilities of the countries where the headquarters of International Sports Federations are located， expanding the judicial remedy channels for athletes to claim rights from multiple subjects， and establishing the judicial intervention principles and review standards of respecting autonomy， necessary involvement， and substantive review to safeguard human rights.

Against the backdrop of the deep penetration of digital technologies into the competitive sports， digital human rights have become an important integral component of the system of athletes’ rights. Through the methods of literature review and logical analysis， this study elucidates the jurisprudential foundations of digital human rights in conjunction with the current applications of digital technologies in sports， and examines the key issues in athletes’ rights protection in China from the dimensions of respect， protection and fulfillment. Through a critical examination of existing practices， the study identifies several structural deficiencies， including the lack of digital human rights awareness constraining athletes’ rights consciousness； algorithmic nuisance leading to frequent digital rights infringements； ambiguous boundaries of rights hindering effective regulatory enforcement； and weak implementation mechanisms resulting in the hollowing out of rights value. In response， it proposes the pathways for improving the athletes’ rights protection in China： embracing a digital human rights perspective to guide the digital revision of sports legislation； upholding the principle of sporting fairness by establishing a multi-tiered framework for technological review； clarifying the boundaries of rights among relevant subjects to promote precise digital regulation； and addressing deficiencies in institutional enforcement to construct effective channels for the realization of digital rights.

As a regulatory tool to control excessive club investment and to promote competitive balance in leagues，the loss cap policy has gradually been applied to the development of professional sports in China in recent years.This study systematically analyzes the applicable conditions and promotion effects of the loss cap policy by using game theory and static optimization methods.It finds that when punitive measures are very strict，the loss cap policy can limit club investment and promote competitive balance in leagues，but may also lead to a sharp decline in investment，game quality and league appeal； when punitive measures are relatively lenient，the loss cap policy can still limit club investment，but its impact on competitive balance depends on whether the cost of punishment is symmetric across clubs （i.e.，if costs are the same for all clubs，the policy can sustainably promote balance； if large clubs face lighter penalties due to greater financial strength，the policy effects may first improve and then deteriorate）.Therefore，the study proposes the following policy recommendations： the penalty mechanism of the loss cap policy should avoid the “one-size-fits-all” ban，instead adopting flexible combinations of measures such as fines and point deductions，and set differentiated flexible caps based on club revenue.Furthermore，it is essential to ensure consistent and transparent rule enforcement and establish a dynamic evaluation mechanism to achieve long-term coordination of financial health，competitive balance，and game attractiveness.

As a typical representative of new quality productive forces，low-altitude economy has become a new engine to activate the driving force of industrial development.By using the methods of literature review，case analysis and logical deduction，this paper explores the mechanisms and paths of transformation and upgrading of sports tourism industry empowered by low-altitude economy.It holds that the low-altitude economy empowers the production factors of sports tourism industry to transition to new qualitative forms such as intelligent equipment，digital technology and airspace resources with the cooperation of technical factors，policy factors and market factors，and presents the following mechanisms： innovating experience scenes to expand consumption dimensions； technology empowering operations to improve security； shaping brand symbols to activate flow economy； and breaking through space restrictions to reconstruct tourism forms.However，there are the following practical obstacles in practice： the opening of low-altitude airspace is sluggish，and the project expansion is constrained； the autonomy of core technology is not strong，and there are hidden dangers in operation safety； the brand value imprint is not deep，and the market potential is difficult to release； and infrastructure layout is insufficient， and application scenarios are lacking.Accordingly，the practical paths are put forward： promoting the innovation of airspace control to optimize the coordination of airspace resources； strengthening the breakthrough in core technology to smooth the transformation of innovation achievements； deepening brand value shaping to promote product symbol recognition； and improving the three-dimensional layout of infrastructure to consolidate the guarantee of tourism services.

Against the backdrop of the continued release of post-Winter Olympics dividends，digital transformation is leading the ice and snow economy into a new stage of high-quality development.Drawing on path dependence theory，this study systematically examines the evolutionary logic，practical obstacles，and resolution strategies of digital transformation in China’s ice and snow economy under conditions of path dependence.This study argues that technological lock-in driven by increasing returns，structural rigidity driven by institutional inertia，pattern consolidation driven by spatial lock-in，and capability ossification driven by mental models have collectively given rise to technological，organizational，market，and cognitive path dependencies.Under these path dependencies，the digitalization of the ice and snow economy continues to face practical obstacles，including the lock-in effects of legacy technological systems，inertial constraints of traditional management models，institutional inertia of the traditional industrial ecosystem，and conceptual barriers to digital transformation.On this basis，the study proposes a set of resolution strategies： building an autonomous and controllable digital technology system，advancing digital reform of management systems，breaking down institutional barriers within the traditional industrial ecosystem，and cultivating an innovation culture conducive to digital transformation—with the aim of providing theoretical guidance and policy insights for advancing the digitalization of the ice and snow economy.

The coupling coordination of digital economy and sports industry represents a significant manifestation of the integrated development of the internet and the real economy. Based on panel data from 22 provincial-level regions in China from 2018 to 2022， this study calculates the coupling coordination degree between digital economy and sports industry. The obstacle degree model is employed to identify the constraining degree of evaluation factors within the digital economy and the sports industry， while a panel regression model is used to examine its external influencing factors. The findings reveal a general upward trend in the coupling coordination with significant regional disparities existing across the eastern， central and western provinces. Within the digital economy system， the primary obstacles， ranked in descending order of severity， are digital innovation capability， digital industrialization， digital infrastructure and industrial digitalization. For the sports industry system， the main obstacles are sports employment， sports output， sports investment， sports enterprises and sports consumption in descending order. Regarding external influencing factors， the level of economic development demonstrates the most robust and consistent influence on the coupling coordination between digital economy and sports industry. Based on the above， this study proposes paths to enhance this coordination： strengthening regional division of labor to adapt digital economy development strategies to local conditions； addressing weaknesses in sports employment and sports industry to classify and improve safeguard mechanisms for essential production factors of sports industry； and reinforcing comprehensive planning to foster the coupling coordination between economic development， digital economy and sports industry.

Enhancing the resilience of China’s ice and snow economy industrial chain is not only an inevitable choice to stimulate the vitality of the ice and snow economy，but also an inherent requirement for forging new paths for its development.By using literature review and logical analysis，this study examines the resilience of China’s ice and snow economy industrial chain from the perspective of stimulating the vitality of its economy.The study suggests that the logic underlying the enhancement of resilience in China’s ice and snow economy industrial chain lies in that it represents an inevitable choice in transitioning from the development of “cold resources” to the construction of a “hot economy” system；it is an inherent requirement for complex systems to address multiple uncertain risks；and it is an urgent need to align with national strategies and the actual development of the industrial chain.However，efforts to enhance China’s ice and snow economy industrial chain resilience still face practical obstacles，including weak industrial foundations and insufficient resistance of core links；rigid market demand response and a lack of dynamic system adaptability；outdated safety guarantee system and weak post-incident recovery and learning capacity；inefficient transformation of innovation elements and restricted access to high-end value chain；and the absence of cross-regional collaborative governance，which hinders the formation of structural resilience.Based on this，this study proposes practical approaches to enhancing the resilience of China’s ice and snow economy industrial chain： ensuring the autonomy and controllability of key links；emphasizing demand perception and flexible supply adaptation；improving the safety emergency and resilience recovery system；driving the deep integration of the innovation with the industrial chain；and building cross-regional collaboration and communities of interest.

The analysis of the construction process evolution of China’ s independent knowledge system of sports science is the ideological basis of the construction of Chinese-style sports science. From the logical starting point of “human-sport” interaction， this study systematically traces the ideological evolution of the construction of China’s sports science. It suggests that in the initial phase of “Western Sports Science in China”， the construction started from the deconstruction of the community of sports and traditional society， which manifests the confusion of ontology and cognitive theory of academic system， axiological lag of academic system， and autonomy crisis of discourse system； In the phase of “sinicized western sports science”， the construction focused on the reconstruction of the community of sports and modern society， which realizes the rational reorganization of academic system， the realignment of value anchoring of academic system， and the autonomy establishment of discourse system； In the phase of “Chinese-style sports science”， the construction sets the building of a community with a shared future for mankind as idea of development， which realizes the cognitive breakthrough of academic system， value leading of academic system， and practical promotion of discourse system.

Green governance has become an important issue in global sports governance and a key area in advancing the sustainable development of the Olympic Movement.Against the backdrop of the strengthening United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the sustainability strategy of the International Olympic Committee （IOC），this study analyzes 117 green governance cases submitted by International Federations （IFs） and National Olympic Committees （NOCs） from the IOC’s official case base.Drawing on world society theory and applying an analytical framework that integrates institutional isomorphism，multi-level diffusion，and institutionalization，the study employs an inductive case analysis approach to examine the processes and outcomes of institutional diffusion of green governance within the Olympic system.The findings indicate that when the external “global green script” is highly internalized into organizational identity，together with an endogenous mechanism driven by normative pressures and effective diffusion pathways such as top-down linkage and horizontal collaboration，green governance can be effectively embedded into organizational operations and generate substantive effects.Under the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality，China’s sports may explore a sports governance pathway fitting into China’s specific situation through “deep embedding—horizontal spillover—upward feedback”，which can offer practical experiences and references for the global Olympic system.

Concepts constitute the logical starting point of a knowledge system，and clarifying the concept of kinesiology is a crucial prerequisite for constructing China’s autonomous knowledge system.Using literature review，logical analysis and historical analysis，this study，from the perspective of conceptual history，examines the evolution of kinesiology concepts in both Western and Chinese contexts and explores their sinicization construction.The findings show that in the West，disciplinary terminology has evolved from Physical Education to Sport Science and then to Kinesiology，alongside a shift in research focus from physical education to competitive sport and further to physical activity and health，exhibiting an evolutionary trajectory characterized by educational，scientific，and comprehensive orientations.In China，commonly used disciplinary names have included Physical Education，Kinesiology，Sport Science and Discipline of Physical Education，with Sport Science and Kinesiology being most frequently adopted in contemporary usage.The evolution of conceptual connotations in China is characterized by scientization，institutionalization，and practical orientation.Building on traditional Chinese formulations，this study reconstructs the concept using the method of definition by genus and differentia.It proposes that kinesiology is the science that takes physical movement as its object of study，integrates methods from the natural sciences and the humanities and social sciences，and systematically investigates the regularities by which physical movement promotes human physical and mental development，social progress，and cultural formation.