From a historical origin perspective,this study reviews the origins and development of unit teaching and comprehensively analyzes the historical development stages of unit teaching in China.Through case studies,it systematically explores the essential characteristics and practical pathways of large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum in China.It finds that Herbart’s educational psychology nurtured the early stages of unit teaching,and the concept of unit teaching emerged and developed during the modern educational movement in Europe and America.Since the 20th century,the theory and practice of unit teaching in China have undergone four stages:the embryonic period,exploratory period,stagnant period and developmental period,marking a genuine modern transformation towards large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum.The essential characteristics of large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum include developmental educational orientation,holistic knowledge systems,systematic structural elements and actionable subject-based practice.Addressing practical challenges,the study provides practical pathways for large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum:at the macro level,a diversified and coordinated model serves as the comprehensive guarantee to build a “peak” collaborative practice model for the national curriculum;at the meso level,the formulation of the Five Major Teaching Plans ensures the systematic implementation of the national curriculum;at the micro level,the holistic construction of the knowledge system is emphasized to ensure the actual implementation of large unit teaching;and at the individual level,subject practice within large unit teaching serves as an anchor point to promote deep learning.

Digital technology provides new resources,new means,new platforms and new modes for the ideological and political education of physical education courses in colleges and universities,and it is an important support and source of motivation for the implementation of the teaching concept of “nurturing people by sports” and the completion of the fundamental task of “forstering virtue through education”.Using literature review,logical analysis and other research methods,the study explores the generation logic and practice dilemma of digital technology empowering the ideological and political education of physical education courses in colleges and universities.The study concludes that five aspects of precise identification,precise analysis,precise supply,precise evaluation and precise governance together constitute the logical framework of the ideological and political education of physical education courses in colleges and universities empowered by digital technology;ideological and political education of physical education courses in colleges and universities empowered by digital technology still has practical dilemmas,such as system design needs to be improved,the concept of thinking is not enough,technical support is still weak,and ethical norms need to be constructed urgently.The following strategies are proposed:improve the institutional design and standardise the operation mechanism;strengthen the conceptual leadership and deepen the cognition of thinking;strengthen the research and development of technology to enhance the application effectiveness;and build ethical standards to resolve the ethical conflicts.

The high-quality development of sport universities is inevitable,strategic and developmental,which is the key to taking the initiative in the future development of higher physical education.The study takes the high-quality development practice of Shenyang Sport University as an example and result-orientation,innovation-driving,coordination,sustainability,opening and sharing as characteristics in order to promote sports talent cultivation and scientific research and innovation of high-quality development.Shenyang Sport University has achieved continuous improvement in the quality of education and service capacity by improving the quality of education,stimulating the vitality of research,strengthening the effectiveness of social services and expanding international cooperation.As a highland for training sports talents,the university actively responds to national strategic requirements and promotes the implementation of a sports power and the implementation of the Healthy China strategy.In order to achieve the high-quality development of sport universities,the universities should insist on characteristic development and focus on connotation construction,and take the fundamental paths of leading development with high-quality Party building,gathering consensus with goal management,and stimulating motivation with deepening reforms,promoting development through the “five transformations”,so as to enhance the self-consciousness and self-conduction of sport universities in serving the building of a great modern socialist country.

Digital and intelligent transformation is a key support for the modernization of education and empowers the high-quality and balanced development of school physical education in the new era.Based on the background of the development of education informatization,with the methods of literature review and logical analysis and the modern governance model of digital and intelligent transformation,this study explores the mechanisms,dilemmas and pathways for the high-quality and balanced development of school physical education so as to provide the references for this in China.It concludes that the development of school physical education in China faces several challenges,including insufficient institutional support for digital and intelligent education,low-level integration of digital and intelligent technologies,uneven distribution of digital and intelligent resources,and conflicts of interest among the subjects involved in digital and intelligent governance.Accordingly,the following practical pathways are proposed: strengthening institutional supports for digital and intelligent education to optimize its mechanisms for the high-quality and balanced development of school physical education; improving the application foundation of digital and intelligent technologies to motivate the driving forces behind it; optimizing the allocation of digital and intelligent resources to innovate its development models; and coordinating the relationships among the subjects of digital and intelligent governance to enhance its structural framework.

The “fandom culture” has spread into the field of sports,causing concerns from all walks of life.This paper analyzes the derived logic of “fandom culture” in sports from sports itself,examines its realistic dilemmas and puts forward the way to reform.It is believed that the development of “fandom culture” into sports circle is the inevitable result of the natural aura and flow of athletes’ competitive achievements,the blessing of sports marketization and commercialization,the social participation of fans in the new media era,and the maintenance of group relations under the community of interest.The realistic dilemmas of “fandom culture” in sports are examined from four dimensions:of individual dimension,the self-lost of emotional expression;of group dimension,the blind obedience to discipline and suppression;of social dimension,the consumption vortex surrounded by capital;and of cultural dimension,the loss of pan-entertainment discourse.Based on these,the way to promote the healthy development of “fandom culture” in sports are proposed:respecting individual demands to strengthen the whole-process educational guidance;updating circle rules to perfect organizational norms and mechanisms;strengthening capital supervision to make capital return to service original intention;and carrying forward the Chinese sports spirit to enhance value leadership.

As the cornerstone of China’s national physical literacy and national prosperity,the equity of physical education has always been a focal point.The rapid development and widespread application of artificial intelligence (AI) presents new opportunities to promote equity in physical education in the new era.This study,employing methods such as literature review and logical analysis,follows the logic of “constructing an analytical framework-clarifying coupling dynamics-interpreting dialectical relationships-proposing practical approaches”,analyzes the key dimensions,constraints and practical approaches of AI empowering equity in physical education.The findings reveal that equity in physical education encompasses equality,compensatory and differential fairness.With the support of intelligent physical education teaching,assessment,management,counseling and biomimetic tools,the deep coupling of AI and equity in physical education is promoted by policy,technological industry and practical driving.AI contributes to equality,compensatory and differential fairness by enhancing holistic,compensatory and precise personalized physical education resources.In response to the digital gap caused by the lack of AI infrastructure,inadequate digital literacy among teachers and students,and improper enjoyment and use of technology,the study proposes the following practical approaches to AI empowering equity in physical education:optimizing the equity system in physical education to ensure equal distribution of AI infrastructure,enhancing digital literacy among teachers and students to bridge the digital divide caused by AI usage,and scientifically addressing usage risks to unleash the equity effectiveness empowered by AI.

In the context of comprehensively strengthening and improving China’s aesthetic education in the new era,it is necessary to deeply explore the cultural origins,value orientation and practical approaches of martial arts aesthetic education in China,which is not only the intrinsic requirement for showcasing the educational value of martial arts and promoting cultivating beauty with martial arts,but also an inevitable move to uphold the spirit of Chinese aesthetic education and enhance aesthetic literacy.The study concludes that Chinese martial arts aesthetic education,originating from the fusion of martial arts and dance,developing through the process of ritual music education and flourishing through inner transcendence,has formed a value orientation of cultivating beauty with martial arts that pursues unity of body and mind,emphasizes intellectual enlightenment,and aspires to a life of leisure and reverence.To promote cultivating beauty with martial arts,it is necessary to respond to the ideal of holistic education to build a multi-dimensional integrated martial arts aesthetic education curriculum system;to enhance the professionalism of martial arts teachers to continuously strengthen their aesthetic education awareness and abilities;to create an aesthetic immersion environment to create a diverse range of martial arts aesthetic nurturing fields;and to improve the evaluation system to establish a monitoring and feedback mechanism for the implementation of martial arts aesthetic education.Only in this way can the value pursuit of cultivating beauty with martial arts be truly realized to contribute wisdom and strength to the effective realization of the goal of fostering virtue through education.

By using research methods such as literature and logical analysis,this paper analyzes the connotation,logical paths and key obstacles of new quality productive forces empowering high-quality development of sports tourism industry,and puts forward practical paths.According to it,the high-quality development of sports tourism industry empowered by new quality productive forces emphasizes scientific and technological innovation as core driving force,green development concept as value orientation,integrates and innovates the production factors of policies,technology,talents and data,and drives the supply chain of sports tourism industry into intensification,management chain digitization,value chain greening and high efficiency of allocation chain.However,it still faces some key obstacles such as insufficient integration and support of policy elements,insufficient upgrading and application of technical elements,insufficient quantity and quality of talent elements,and insufficient mining and utilization of data elements.Based on this,the practical paths are put forward:improving the policy system to ensure the stability of empowerment;optimizing the technological innovation environment to enhance the effectiveness of empowerment;improving the talent training system to ensure the sustainability of empowerment;and cultivating the data factor market to improve the accuracy of empowerment.

The core characteristic of teachers’ professional development lies in its independency.Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) contributes to enhancing teachers’ professional independent development,which is a key force to promote the development of education in the future.This paper uses case study method and field investigation method to study the concept connotations,interaction mechanism,application scenarios and application strategies of GAI empowering physical education teachers’ professional independent development.It indicates that there is an internal interaction mechanism among the technical features of GAI including high intelligent interaction,creative generation,universal applicability and customization and the endogenous motivation of physical education teachers’ professional independent development,digital learning community of physical education teachers and their educational equity development.At the same time,GAI plays an important role in the application scenarios of physical education teachers’ higher-order thinking training,teaching and research work,physical education teaching scene preview,independent learning effectiveness evaluation and independent development planning.However,there are still risks such as digital ethics,value bias and false information generation in practical applications.Base on these,the application strategies are proposed:to establish and improve policies and regulations to strengthen the ethical compliance and applicability of the empowerment of GAI;to improve the level of intelligent tool research and development to build a self-education model for local specialized physical education teachers;and to enhance the practice of intelligent training for teachers to improve the digital literacy of physical education teachers.

New quality productive forces are an important driver for high-quality development of physical education.By the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this study explores the action mechanisms,key dimensions and promotion strategies of physical education empowered by new quality productive forces.It concludes that new quality productive forces can promote the connotation innovation of physical education,upgrade the elements of physical education and clarify the development trend of physical education;and new quality productive forces empower physical education in five key dimensions of concept,goal,context,technology and connection.There still exist the following dilemmas:immature development environment,obstructed two-way path and insufficient talent reserve.Based on the above,promotion strategies are proposed like establishing the concept of new quality productive forces to create a suitable development environment;opening up the path of cooperation and exchange to build a platform for sharing common benefits;and forming a synergistic cultivation system to construct a diversified talent matrix.

Currently,there is a lack of philosophical epistemological in-depth discussion about the teaching principle of physical education,such as “What kind of knowledge is motor skill?” and “How do people acquire motor skill?”Based on Polanyi’s tacit knowing theory,this study proposes that the essence of motor skills is “knowing how”,and analyzes the acquisition mechanisms of motor skills on the basis of cognitive characteristics of embodiment,subjective acquaintance and dynamic integration,which shows that the acquisition of motor skills is a dynamic and repeated integration process of tacit knowing in which the subject of cognition exerts the tacit power.Therefore,in the teaching of motor skills,emphasis should be placed on 4 aspects:rule of example priority,formation of empathy,personal experience and generation of understanding,that is,providing direct “hands-on teaching”,establishing the “community” of physical movement sensation between teachers and students,creating deep experience of learning situations,and optimizing the teaching mode of understanding.

The digital development of society has profoundly changed people’s lives,which enriches individual lifestyles but gradually plunges individuals into the dilemmas of reality-virtual disconnection,spiritual-physical detachment,and the alienation of digital labour on body.In the perspective of embodiment,sport,as a social being based on reality and emphasising physical activity,increasingly highlights its significance in facilitating individuals’ escape from the aforementioned dilemmas.Firstly,sports effectively transform physical capital and facilitate the return of individuals to reality.Secondly,sports make the return to the ontology in the biological and social unity and couple the mental and the physical.Finally,sports enable people to return to physical labour and eliminate the alienation of the digital space on body.Based on these,and taking into account the embodied attributes of sports,this study proposes realisation paths for sports in the digital age to promote the return of individuals to reality and body.Firstly,through the communication of sports rituals,empathy and sympathy are reached to construct a favourable “the being of emotional state”.Secondly,the unity of body and mind in sports is emphasised to eliminate “the body of machine state”.Thirdly,a scene of interpersonal interaction in the field of sports to shape “the body of communication state”.

Urban age-friendly community sports can contribute to build a positive and healthy view of aging,which elderly-oriented renovation plays an important part in promoting the high-quality development of sports for the elderly.The study takes the construction of national age-friendly communities as an opportunity to explore the theoretical connotation,practical dilemmas,and implementation strategies of elderly-oriented renovation of sports in urban age-friendly communities.In elderly-oriented renovation of sports in urban age-friendly communities,it finds that the idea of age-friendly city construction is falling behind with insufficient innovation;the institutional assurance for the elderly sports with limited scope;the elderly’s technological barriers and digital divide are exacerbated with impeded effectiveness;and the resource distribution shows imbalanced with uneven supply and demand matching.Accordingly,in order to build an age-friendly society with joint construction,joint governance and shared benefits,this study proposes the implementation strategies for age-friendly society sports in terms of putting the idea of age-friendly city construction into practice,bolstering institutional assurance for the development of sports for the elderly,removing technological barriers and the digital divide for the elderly,and refining the system for allocating resources for sports for the elderly.

The integration and development of virtual digital humans and sports not only creates new opportunities,but also causes a series of risks.Timely attention and reflections on the relevant risks are beneficial to regulate the application of virtual digital humans in the field of sports.Based on the definition of virtual digital humans,this paper summarizes the general situation of its application in the field of sports,and then investigates the hidden risks in the integration and development of virtual digital humans and sports from the three dimensions of technology,ethics and law,and puts forward the alleviative paths accordingly.It shows that virtual digital human has been widely used in competitive sports,school sports,mass sports and sports industry,showing excellent technical efficiency,but it still faces three risks:In the technical dimension,virtual digital humans have some defects of data deviation,algorithm black box and so on;In the ethical dimension,the digital lives created by virtual digital humans involve the hidden worries of “digital immortality” and the decline of “material body”;In the legal dimension,virtual digital humans may face the risks of violating privacy and increasing the probability of crime.In light of this,based on the governance framework of “technology-ethical-law”,this paper puts foward the alleviative paths for the application of virtual digital humans in the field of sports:optimize data acquisition and algorithm design to improve technology development standards,popularize the education of science and technology ethics to create a collaborative governance environment,and uphold legal governance thinkings to promote the governance ideas of legal guarantee and reliefs,so as to maximize the release of “positive technical” spillover effects of virtual digital humans in the field of sports.

The high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry is an important component of the construction of sports power,and digital technology has provided strong momentum for it.This paper uses literature and logical analysis to explain the action mechanisms,application scenarios,practical dilemmas and implementation paths of digital technology empowering high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry.The results show that digital technology plays a significant role in improving the development efficiency of ice and snow tourism industry,promoting the upgrading of industrial structure,and promoting management model innovation.In the application scenarios,virtual reality technology innovates the immersive experience of ice and snow tourism,Internet of Things technology improves the level of intelligent management,cloud computing technology develops a new marketing model,and big data technology improves services quality.However,the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry empowered by digital technology still faces many practical dilemmas,such as the prominent phenomenon of digital divide,the difficulty in solving isolated data island,hidden dangers in data security,the shortage of digital and ice and snow high-end compound professional talents,and the need for sound institutional construction.Accordingly,the implementation paths are proposed: accelerating the bridging of the digital divide in the ice and snow tourism industry,solving the problem of isolated data island in the ice and snow tourism industry,strengthening data security protection in ice and snow tourism,cultivating digital compound talents for ice and snow tourism industry,and promoting the construction of digital ice and snow tourism system.

The upgrading and transformation of aging-friendliness for quality status of community public sports services can enhance higher-quality community public sports services provided for residents.By adopting the AGIL functional analysis model framework,this paper analyses that the new quality productive forces can promote balanced supply of community sports resources allocation,the digital fitness guidance can help to realize the goals of community public sports services,and the digital and intelligent devices can strengthen the willingness of the elderly to participate in community sports activities,and plans and constructs the management mechanism of intelligent sports services in the elderly communities.Nowadays,community public sports services encounter such problems as uneven distribution of sports resources,lack of talents and insufficient professional competence,low aging-friendliness of digital and intelligent equipment,and inadequacies in establishing norms and standards.Accordingly,a digital and intelligent management platform should be employed to support the equal distribution of sports resources,to rapidly bolster the efficiency of community intelligent public sports services,to promote innovation and upgrading of community sports digital and intelligent equipment,and to realize high-quality development of aging-friendly sports service ecosystem under the guidance of the government.The new quality productive forces not only offer fresh ideas and practical paths for the aging-friendly upgrading and transformation of community public sports services,but also adds new momentum into the high-quality development of community public sports services.

The high complexity of large-scale sporting events brings new challenges to national security.Resilience governance,with its unique advantages,has become a fundamental way and path to deal with risks in large-scale sporting events under the perspective of comprehensive implementation of the overall national security concept.The logical paths of resilient governance for large-scale sporting events manifest in several ways:adaptive capabilities of event organizations and collaborative governance among multiple subjects to strengthen event safety and organizing;crisis recovery and cognitive enhancement of event organizations to improve event safety;and the effectiveness of collective and self-organizing behaviors of event organizations to optimize event safety actions.However,resilient governance of large-scale sporting events still face practical challenges such as outdated concepts and suboptimal structures,absence or misalignment of multiple subjects,inadequate facility planning and resource allocation,distorted information and poor communication.Based on these,the following practical approaches are proposed:promoting organizational adaptive innovation to strengthen the governance resilience of event organizations;absorbing and optimizing multiple subjects to create a co-governance framework for event subjects;advancing planning and resource matching to enhance event crisis recovery capabilities;and screening information and ensuring smooth channels to enhance the effectiveness of collective event behaviors.

Campus basketball curriculum has an important role in improving teenagers’ athletic abilities,promoting their healthy behaviors and cultivating their sports virtues.This paper uses the methods of literature review,logical analysis and comparative analysis to explore the relevant issues in campus basketball curriculum teaching under the background of the revitalization of the “Three Big Balls”.It indicates that under the background of the revitalization of “Three Big Balls”,campus basketball curriculum teaching is currently confronted with several practical dilemmas:Administrators’ overemphasis on intellectual education at the expense of physical education leads to the inability to offer sufficient and complete physical education courses;Teachers’ excessive focus on technical skills rather than the educational essence results in the ineffective realization of the nurturing value in basketball curriculum;The misalignment of teaching,learning and evaluation in curriculum design makes it arduous to objectively evaluate students’ core competencies.The disparity between a large number of students and a scarcity of basketball courts during the course implementation phase severely undermines the teaching efficacy.On the basis of analyzing the causes of the practical dilemmas,further solutions are proposed:Breaking the shackles of administrators’ fixed concepts to promote the teaching reform of campus basketball curriculum from top to bottom; Guiding the transformation of the educational concepts of basketball teachers to drive teaching innovation and the students’ all-round development;Reconstructing the system of consistency among teaching,learning and assessment to achieve the all-round educational goals of the campus basketball curriculum;And optimizing resource allocation and innovating teaching strategies to overcome the constraints of campus basketball court resources.

Sports events gradually highlight the unique value of promoting rural revitalization with the characteristics of culture,sociality and competition.A qualitative comparative analysis of 22 typical cases is carried out to explore the driving factors and collection configuration of sports events boosting rural revitalization.The study finds that the driving factors of sports events boosting rural revitalization include government support,market capital,technical support,villagers’ participation and endogenous resources,among which government support is the necessary one.The combination of multiple factors presents a collection configuration of three types of sports events boosting rural revitalization,namely internal and external linkage,environmental resources and self-sufficiency.Based on the three types of configurations in practice,this study proposes their development dimensions: improving the participation of market capital to strengthen the construction of sports events with brand thinking;innovating business development in “sports events +” model to boost the rural prosperity and development;and adhering to villagers oriented to promote the integration of multiple configurations with the concept of “an overall”.

High-quality development of rural sports and integrated development of rural revitalization are not only the proper approach of promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas,but also an effective way to construct sports power.Based on the connotation and mechanisms of high-quality development of rural sports and rural revitalization,this study uses literature review and logical analysis and employs the regional comparison theory and industrial integration theory to combine the level of rural economic development and unique resources and extract four typical modes of integrated development:“sports+agriculture+tourism”,“sports+culture+ecology”,“sports+rural complex” and “sports+rehabilitation”.Accordingly,the enlightenment of promoting the integrated development of the two is proposed:adjusting measures to local conditions to highlight the local characteristics;integrating superior resources to enhance development potential;building brand events to inject development momentum;and strengthening industrial integration to innovate development mode.

Faced with the fragmentation of public sports service resources in urban communities,incomplete supporting facilities,and complex relationships with relevant stakeholders,embedded governance effectively solves the problems of imbalance between supply and demand in public sports services in urban communities by accurately connecting supply and demand,stimulating the vitality of diverse social entities,improving service quality,and promoting service sinking.This study uses embedded governance theory to construct a framework for the operation of public sports services in urban communities,analyzes the internal mechanisms that empower the supply and demand adaptation of public sports services in urban communities from four aspects of organization,environment,technology and system,and points out that the construction of grassroots sports social organizations is scattered and single,the integration of diverse community environments is not yet deep,the data links are not smooth and the execution of concepts is deviated,and the responsibility allocation norms are lacking and the sharing system is not refined enough.Based on these,the targeted pathways are proposed from four aspects,including enhancing the awareness of organizational resource sharing and the cultivation of innovation abilities,building portraits of residents’ sports environment needs,improving the community sports service data standard system,and optimizing the responsibility allocation mechanism and implementation mode of sharing system,to promote the supply and demand adaption of public sports services in urban communities from the perspective of embedded governance,so as to provide theoretical basis and practical references for further construct a higher-level public service system for national fitness in China.

The policy attribute determines its implementation mode,which is an important factor affecting policy effectiveness.Exploring the dynamic transformation of the implementation mode by adjusting the “ambiguity-conflict” attribute is a beneficial attempt to alleviate the current difficulties in implementing school sports policies.Using logical analysis and case analysis as the main research methods,this study deeply elaborates on the theoretical framework and practical approaches of the transformation of the implementation modes of school sports policies.It believes that pattern classification based on attribute recognition is the foundation of the transformation of the implementation modes of school sports policies in China,the correction of dominant elements based on specific contexts is the key to mode transformation,and the adjustment of “ambiguity-conflict” attributes is the basic guideline for pattern transformation.On the basis of clarifying the basic logic of mode transformation,combined with grassroots experience in policy implementation,the study proposes the transformation enlightenments including high-level promotion to stimulate the driving force of mode transformation,community construction to reduce mode transformation obstacles,digital empowerment to improve mode transformation efficiency and institutional construction to alleviate the pressure of mode transformation.

In order to further construct the high-quality competitions of CBA,this paper employs the methods of literature review,expert interviews,video observation and mathematical statistics to analyze the characteristics of competitive elements in the professional growth period of CBA players and propose optimization strategies.The results show that the competitive elements of the professional growth period of CBA players include age structure,physical indicators,competitive performance,players transfer,contract modification and so on.The causes of the characteristics of these competitive elements involve poor institutional linkage,inconsistent selection standards,low efficiency of performance,different path choices and insufficient competitive potential.Accordingly,optimization strategies are proposed including optimizing age structure to establish a dual-core output system;monitoring the physical indicators to improve intelligent talents selection and supply mode;improving competitive performance to scientifically and precisely focus on efficiency;ensuring the output of players to broaden the channels for training high-quality talents;and facilitating contract modification to create an open environment to exploit potential.

To explore influencing factors and mechanisms of behavioral intentions among CBA league spectators,this study uses an explanatory sequential design and the On-Site Viewing Motivation Questionnaire,Perceived Value Scale,Satisfaction Scale and Behavioral Intention Scale to investigate 610 CBA league spectators and interview six of them.The results reveal significant pairwise correlations between on-site viewing motivations,perceived values,satisfaction and behavioral intentions.Spectators’ on-site viewing motivations have a significant direct effect on behavioral intentions.Perceived values and satisfaction have significant independent and chain mediating effects between spectators’ on-site viewing motivations and behavioral intentions.In conclusion,on-site viewing motivations not only directly influence the behavioral intentions of CBA league spectators positively,but also indirectly affect it through the independent or chain mediating effects of perceived values and satisfaction.Suggestions include conducting systematic,periodic and sustained promotional activities to stimulate on-site viewing motivations;enhancing spectators’ subjective perceived values from the perspectives of economic,emotional and social values;and reforming and innovating the governance mechanisms and management models of the CBA league to elevate spectator satisfaction.

Cultivating and sending more outstanding talents to work in international sports organisations is an important way to enhance China’s abilities to participate in global sports governance,international influence and discourse.This paper uses literature and logical analysis methods to systematically expound the value implications,target orientation,three-dimensional construction logic and strategies for cultivating talent for China’s international sports organisations in the context of global sports governance reform.It concludes that sports talent cultivation for China’s international sports organisations in the context of global sports governance reform is of great significance for promoting the construction of a strong country in terms of talent and sports,enhancing China’s international influence and discourse in sports,and carrying out sports diplomacy and international cooperation.Talent cultivation should be implemented in three dimensions of professionalism,expertise and basic literacy on professional management,professional application and interdisciplinarity.Accordingly,it proposes a talent cultivation strategies for China’s international sports organisations in the context of global sports governance reform: The government should base on top-level design,strive for employment and internship opportunities,and organise training seminars to improve professionalism;Sports associations should conduct sports skills training,emphasise theoretical knowledge education,and host various international sports events to strengthen professionalism;Universities should conduct foreign language proficiency training,organise exchange activities between China and foreign countries,and strengthen the construction of professional disciplines to develop basic literacy.

This research employs the methods of literature review,investigation and interview,and term frequency analysis to explore the value orientation,practical dilemmas and optimization strategies of the connotative development of Village BA and Village Super League,aiming to accurately grasp the sustainable development direction of sporting events,facilitating the release of the value and functions of sporting events,and enriching the theoretical connotations of rural sporting events.It indicates that the value orientation of the connotative development of Village BA and Village Super League is mainly manifested in the aspects such as the creation of cultural scenarios,the integrated development of multiple business forms,the innovation of event organization models,the participation in rural social governance,and the synergy of urban and rural development.Focusing on the five major practical dilemmas of “de-administratization”,“de-commercialization”,“de-competition”,“de-mainstream”,“de-scenario” and their corresponding relationships,it proposes the optimization strategies for the connotative development of Village BA and Village Super League:multi-subject collaborative governance taking government functions as the fundamental guarantee,commercial inclusive participation dominated by the transformation of event IP benefits,the enhancement of the connotation of event subjects centered on competitive viewing experiences,the construction of digital media platforms emphasizing collective emotional interaction,and the creation of cultural scenarios with the theme of urban-rural development synergy.

Physical exercises are the main way to cultivate the key competencies of physical education and health discipline.Under the background of key competencies as guideline,this paper tries to explain the generating paths of athletic abilities,health behaviors and sports morality through physical exercises.It holds that how to exercise is the key of generating athletic competencies;habits and abilities are the core connotations of generating healthy behavior competencies;and the establishment of value hierarchy order conforming to requirements is the basis of generating sports morality competencies.Key competencies in three dimensions are accumulated and generated when students participate in sports activities by means of physical exercises and respond to different stimuli in exercises.In order to achieve the purpose of generating key competencies,physical education teaching should adhere to the thinking of the combination of pre-formation and generation,and should focus on designing the requirements of key competencies generation,the accumulation effects in teaching process and the acquisition of all-round feedback from the generation process.

Sports modernization is an integral part of Chinese path to modernization.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the modernization policy of sports in China has been continuously consolidated by adhering to the principle of valuing the people’s supremacy and promoting inclusive sports for all;by adhering to a problem oriented approach and continuously optimizing supportive sports policies that cover the entire lifecycle of the people;by adhering to the system concept and continuously improving the comprehensive sports policy of all factors development;by persisting in integrated development and continuously breaking through the policy of integrated sports with the participation of the whole society;by persisting in project driving and continuously improving the quality and effectiveness of sports policies implemented throughout the entire chain.In the process of Chinese modernization,to promote the modernization of sports construction with high-quality development should take the construction of a modern public fitness service system as an important foundation to solidly promote common prosperity;enhance the government’s sports governance capacities as an important guarantee to deepen the modernization of sports governance;and develop new quality productive forces of sports as an important growth pole to accelerate the pace of sports reform and achieve the strategic goal of building a sports power by 2035.

The iterative upgrading of youth sports consumption factors plays an important role in promoting the development of sports economy and the healthy growth of youth.Using literature research,logical analysis and other research methods,this paper explains the basic connotation and main characteristics of the iterative upgrading of youth sports consumption factors,and puts forward the promotion paths aiming at the blocking factors in it.It suggests that,the iterative upgrading of youth sports consumption factors is the process of continuous and dynamic innovation in order to achieve certain consumption values or goals,which shows clear characteristics such as goal-orientation and product innovation in new development stage.There still exist some blocking factors in new development stage,such as prominent alienation of sports consumption concept,rationality of sports consumption structure urgent to be optimized,insufficient innovation of sports consumption mode,and ineffective play of the protection function of sports consumption environment.Based on these,the promotion paths are proposed: updating the concept of youth sports consumption with target iteration as the guidance,perfecting the structure of youth sports consumption with factor innovation as the driving force,improving the way of youth sports consumption with collaborative governance as the starting point,and optimizing the environment for youth sports consumption with the support of system guarantee as the support.

In the new stage of development,physical activity promotion for the elderly is an inevitable requirement for comprehensively promoting the construction of Healthy China.Through the methods of literature review,logical analysis and interviews and from the perspective of physical literacy,this study explores the relationship between physical literacy and healthy aging,inspects the internal logic of physical activity promotion for the elderly in terms of realistic and theoretical ways,analyzes the developmental dilemmas in physical activity promotion for the elderly,and puts forward corresponding paths to alleviate them.It concludes that physical activity promotion for the elderly currently faces multiple developmental dilemmas,such as marginalization of body,lack of environment,temporal and spatial fragmentation and weak evaluation.Accordingly,the study proposes the following paths to alleviate the dilemmas in physical activity promotion for the elderly:focusing on body functions to enhance the initiative;strengthening temporal and spatial adjustment to ensure the continuity;focusing on physical experience to increase the participation rate;and constructing evaluation system to enhance the standardization.

Industrial integration has become a new driving force for the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry.Using literature review and logical analysis,this study systematically dissects and analyzes the driving mechanisms of high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry from the perspective of industrial integration.It finds that the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry can be deconstructed into original system,driving system,pulling system and support system.In the process of industrial integration,original system is the driving force,driving system is the fundamental motivation,pulling system is the external driving force,and support system is the guarantee.The four systems work together to achieve the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry.Accordingly,the study proposes that the driving mechanisms for the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry in the process of industrial integration include the coordination of subjects,technological support,product innovation,and talent cultivation and foundation building.Industrial integration provides practical guidance for it.Taking industrial integration as a development path can help transform the single-line ice and snow tourism value chain into a clustered ice and snow tourism value network and expand the development space of the industry.

It is necessary for promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacities to study the administrative supervision of sports events from the perspective of collaborative governance and to improve the efficiency of supervision,and it is also the cornerstone of the prosperity and development of the sports events industry.By using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this paper probes into the role orientation of the subjects of collaborative governance in sports events.At the same time,it finds that there are many realistic dilemmas in supervision such as cognitive deviation of multiple subjects,imperfect collaborative governance mechanism,unclear orientation of supervision responsibilities,lagging administrative supervision means,imperfect evaluation system and so on.In order to solve these dilemmas,it puts forward some solutions:reaching a consensus on collaborative governance to correct the cognitive bias of multiple subjects;improving the collaborative governance mechanism to enhance the efficiency of collaborative governance;clarifying the administrative supervision responsibilities of government entities to fulfill their supervision obligations in accordance with the law;implementing online and offline linkage supervision to ensure no blind spots in supervision;and improving the performance evaluation system to form a closed loop of supervision.

The immersive physical education in colleges and universities empowered by extended reality (XR) technology not only indicates the future trend of educational digitization,but also holds great significance for constructing a high-quality education system in the digital age.This research adopts research methods of literature review and logical reasoning,based on collating the development context of XR technology and the connotation of immersive physical education in colleges and universities,deeply expounds on the value implications and application paths of immersive physical education in colleges and universities.It holds that the value implications of immersive physical education in colleges and universities empowered by XR technology are reflected in the following aspects:reshaping teaching concepts to emphasize individual needs and comprehensive qualities;reconstructing the teacher-student relationship to promote in-depth dialogue and collaborative mutual assistance;innovating teaching contents to realize the integration of cutting-edge technology and physical education discipline;creating teaching scenarios to enhance the learning effectiveness of human-machine collaboration;and optimizing teaching evaluation to facilitate the scientific improvement of teaching plans.The application paths of immersive physical education in colleges and universities empowered by XR technology are as follows:relying on the advantages of XR technology to enrich the contents and presentation forms of physical education theory teaching;optimizing the cultivation strategies of motor skills to achieve precise guidance and injury prevention;strengthening the application of simulated tactical scenarios to improve sports decision-making and tactical understanding;and developing new psychological healing programs to address students’ sports-related psychological issues.

This study mainly explores the impacts of transcranial direct current stimulation on the serving speed,serving accuracy and athletic performance of college male volleyball players in simulated matches.By the experimental method,Methods:28 healthy male college volleyball players are randomly divided into an anodal stimulation group and a sham stimulation group,receiving continuous 5-session,5-day transcranial direct current stimulation or sham stimulation targeting the primary motor cortex.Serving tests and simulated match performance tests are conducted before and after stimulation.A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (stimulation condition×time) is used to compare the differences in serving speed,serving accuracy,serving initiative,active actions,neutral actions and negative actions in matches before and after the two types of stimulations.Research results:In terms of the athletic performance on serving,the anodal stimulation group’s serving speed is significantly higher than which before stimulation(P<0.05),while there is no significant difference in the serving speed before and after stimulation in the sham stimulation group.The total score of serving accuracy in the anodal stimulation group is significantly improved(P<0.05),and there is no change in the total score of serving accuracy before and after stimulation under sham stimulation.The number of 7-zone serves significantly increases after anodal stimulation(P<0.05),whereas there is no change in the number of 7-zone serves before and after stimulation under sham stimulation.In simulated matches,under anodal stimulation,the number of active serving actions significantly increases after stimulation(P<0.05),and the number of neutral serving actions significantly decreases compared to before stimulation(P<0.05),whereas there is no significant difference in the scores of active and neutral serving actions before and after stimulation under sham stimulation.For overall active actions in the match,the overall active actions significantly increase after anodal stimulation(P<0.05),and overall neutral actions significantly decrease after stimulation(P<0.05);in terms of overall negative actions in the matches,there is no interaction between stimulation condition and time,and the main effects of both stimulation condition and time are not significant.It argues that:Five consecutive days of transcranial direct current stimulation can enhance the special technical performance and simulated match performance of college male volleyball players.This technology can help college male volleyball players improve their muscle strength control and neural excitability,thereby increasing the performance of active actions and reducing the display of neutral actions in actual matches.

The co-production of youth sports public services represents a trend of time that promotes a people-centered social governance pattern of “co-construction,shared governance and shared benefits”.It has emerged as a new paradigm for the high-quality provision of youth sports public services.Using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,based on the theory of co-production,this paper discusses the process mechanisms and practical barriers for co-production in youth sports public services through digital empowerment,and proposes the high-quality promotion paths.It suggests that digital technology,characterized by accuracy,integration,interactivity,disintermediation and sharing,can enhance the co-production of youth sports public services on both quality and efficiency.However,the co-production empowered by digital technology faces several challenges:the mismatch of service supply caused by poor demand perception and expression,the constraints on service experience quality due to limited supply and application alienation,weakened intrinsic motivation for participation due to a lack of standards and rigid supply,heightened data security risks resulting from insufficient supervision and unclear rights and responsibilities,and digital evaluation distortions caused by formalism and superficial participation.To ensure the high-quality supply of youth sports public services,it is essential to optimize political and social cooperation mechanisms,enhance digital supply capabilities,promote the establishment of digital standards,strengthen data security regulations,and improve digital quality evaluation systems.

Based on the framework of multiple streams theory,this paper employs literature reviews and expert interviews to explore the change motivation of China’s integration of sports and medicine policies in China and proposes optimization paths.It finds that problem streams,policy streams and political streams act as the motivation of the evolution of the integration of sports and medicine policies and the convergence and coupling of these three streams open the “policy window”,thereby promoting policy changes.Based on these findings,it proposes the optimization paths:emphasizing the guiding role of problem streams to accurately identify the issues in the integration of sports and medicine policies;broadening the range of participants in policy streams to improve the solutions for the integration of sports and medicine policies;aligning with the value orientation of political streams to create a policy environment for the integration of sports and medicine;and seizing the key moment of the “policy window” to innovate the policy supply of the integration of sports and medicine at the appropriate time.

With the continuous embedding of digital economy in outdoor sports industry,digital technology is promoting the accurate supply and demand adaptation of services in China’s outdoor sports market.Based on the theoretical connotation of the supply and demand adaptation of services in China’s outdoor sports market,this paper deeply analyzes its value implications of intelligent manufacturing,venue,platform,retail,competition and education of outdoor sports driven by digital technology.It shows that the supply and demand adaptation of services in China’s outdoor sports market is faced with the practical dilemmas like the lack of top design and the weak coordination;the lack of innovation motivation of outdoor sports enterprises and the lag of cognition on digital technology application;the shortage of compound talents in outdoor sports and the difficulties in the transformation of innovation achievements;the intensified information cocoon effect and the absence of data protection mechanism;the alienation of outdoor sports consumption of young people and the easily disturbed market order;and the highlighted technology gap of the elderly in outdoor sports and the demand potential to be released.Based on these,the relief strategies are proposed:strengthening the top-level design to boost the integration of system and mechanism;accelerating the application of digital technology to improve the independent innovation abilities of outdoor sports enterprises;enhancing the training of digital talents to promote the industry-university-research integration of outdoor sports;constructing the digital governance system to promote the trust of outdoor sports users;standardizing the service order of outdoor sports market to narrow the differences of consumption culture;and expanding digital inclusion to release the potential demands of the elderly.

Digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching is an inevitable requirement to promote the high-quality development of school sports.Based on the perspective of TOE theory,this study makes a deep analysis on the mechanism,challenges and breakthrough pathways of digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching.It concludes that the mechanism of action of digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching is manifested as follows:At technological level,the digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching constructs the underlying architecture with digital technology;At organizational level,all-component collaboration and “student-centered” paradigm innovation drive the digital transformation of physical education classes;At environmental level,the multidimensional construction of educational space guarantees the digital transformation process of physical education classroom teaching.However,in the current transformation process there still exists realistic challenges:Digital teaching facilities are “insufficient in terms of quantity and quality”,and there is a lack of “digital sports+” composite talents;The endogenous capacity of educational subjects is weak,and the mechanism of organizational synergy and linkage is insufficient;The policy concept is biased,and the pathways of digitization is unclear.Accordingly,the breakthrough pathways are proposed:to promote the digital teaching scene in quantity and quality to broaden the means for cultivating “digital sports+” composite talents;to enhance the endogenous ability of teachers in digital transformation to build an inter-organizational all-factor linkage mechanism for sharing and co-construction;and to strengthen the top-level design of the digital transformation policy to optimize the environmental protection system for physical education classroom teaching.

Effective policy cohesion for youth physical education is the key to constructing the youth physical education policy system in the new era.In this paper,through the literature method and logical analysis method,the three types of policy cohesion for youth physical education include cross-layer policy cohesion,cross-domain policy cohesion and cross-temporal policy cohesion.The common problems of effective policy cohesion involve discrete goal of policy system,resulting in insufficient orientation of policy cohesion;fragmented content of policy system,resulting in insufficient linking of policy cohesion;imbalanced instrument of policy system,resulting in insufficient implementation of policy cohesion;and imbalanced resources of policy cohesion,resulting in insufficient matching of policy cohesion.The implementation paths of effective policy cohesion contain that promoting the goal merging of related policies to improve the orientation of policy cohesion;realizing the content consistency of related policies to improve the synergy of policy cohesion;realizing the optimization and integration of related policy instruments to improve the governance efficacy of policy system;and optimizing the supply of policy resources to improve the matching of policy execution resources.

In recent years,driven by national policies,school physical education has gradually shifted from the margins to the center of education,showing an inevitable trend of transition.This study based on the theory of collaborative education,analyzes the bottlenecks and practical pathways in the transition of school physical education.The findings reveal that current school physical education faces several bottlenecks including the lack of systematic knowledge structure in the teaching content,the incomplete institutional system in the “teaching, practicing and regular competition”,and the poor promotion efficiency in the “family-school-community” collaboration.In response,the study puts forward the executable pathway:in the future,it is necessary to open up both internal and external pathways for the high-quality development of school physical education.Internally,this involves fostering a campus culture that values physical education and encourages regular exercise,a family atmosphere that fully mobilizes all members,and a community environment that promotes nationwide fitness.Externally,it involves establishing a collaborative and symbiotic education system of “family-school-community”,a mechanism for resource sharing and information exchange,and forming a model of a sports and health community to provide a technical pathway for the high-quality development of school physical education.