From a historical origin perspective,this study reviews the origins and development of unit teaching and comprehensively analyzes the historical development stages of unit teaching in China.Through case studies,it systematically explores the essential characteristics and practical pathways of large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum in China.It finds that Herbart’s educational psychology nurtured the early stages of unit teaching,and the concept of unit teaching emerged and developed during the modern educational movement in Europe and America.Since the 20th century,the theory and practice of unit teaching in China have undergone four stages:the embryonic period,exploratory period,stagnant period and developmental period,marking a genuine modern transformation towards large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum.The essential characteristics of large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum include developmental educational orientation,holistic knowledge systems,systematic structural elements and actionable subject-based practice.Addressing practical challenges,the study provides practical pathways for large unit teaching in physical education and health curriculum:at the macro level,a diversified and coordinated model serves as the comprehensive guarantee to build a “peak” collaborative practice model for the national curriculum;at the meso level,the formulation of the Five Major Teaching Plans ensures the systematic implementation of the national curriculum;at the micro level,the holistic construction of the knowledge system is emphasized to ensure the actual implementation of large unit teaching;and at the individual level,subject practice within large unit teaching serves as an anchor point to promote deep learning.

The core characteristic of teachers’ professional development lies in its independency.Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) contributes to enhancing teachers’ professional independent development,which is a key force to promote the development of education in the future.This paper uses case study method and field investigation method to study the concept connotations,interaction mechanism,application scenarios and application strategies of GAI empowering physical education teachers’ professional independent development.It indicates that there is an internal interaction mechanism among the technical features of GAI including high intelligent interaction,creative generation,universal applicability and customization and the endogenous motivation of physical education teachers’ professional independent development,digital learning community of physical education teachers and their educational equity development.At the same time,GAI plays an important role in the application scenarios of physical education teachers’ higher-order thinking training,teaching and research work,physical education teaching scene preview,independent learning effectiveness evaluation and independent development planning.However,there are still risks such as digital ethics,value bias and false information generation in practical applications.Base on these,the application strategies are proposed:to establish and improve policies and regulations to strengthen the ethical compliance and applicability of the empowerment of GAI;to improve the level of intelligent tool research and development to build a self-education model for local specialized physical education teachers;and to enhance the practice of intelligent training for teachers to improve the digital literacy of physical education teachers.

This research employs the methods of literature review,investigation and interview,and term frequency analysis to explore the value orientation,practical dilemmas and optimization strategies of the connotative development of Village BA and Village Super League,aiming to accurately grasp the sustainable development direction of sporting events,facilitating the release of the value and functions of sporting events,and enriching the theoretical connotations of rural sporting events.It indicates that the value orientation of the connotative development of Village BA and Village Super League is mainly manifested in the aspects such as the creation of cultural scenarios,the integrated development of multiple business forms,the innovation of event organization models,the participation in rural social governance,and the synergy of urban and rural development.Focusing on the five major practical dilemmas of “de-administratization”,“de-commercialization”,“de-competition”,“de-mainstream”,“de-scenario” and their corresponding relationships,it proposes the optimization strategies for the connotative development of Village BA and Village Super League:multi-subject collaborative governance taking government functions as the fundamental guarantee,commercial inclusive participation dominated by the transformation of event IP benefits,the enhancement of the connotation of event subjects centered on competitive viewing experiences,the construction of digital media platforms emphasizing collective emotional interaction,and the creation of cultural scenarios with the theme of urban-rural development synergy.

The “fandom culture” has spread into the field of sports,causing concerns from all walks of life.This paper analyzes the derived logic of “fandom culture” in sports from sports itself,examines its realistic dilemmas and puts forward the way to reform.It is believed that the development of “fandom culture” into sports circle is the inevitable result of the natural aura and flow of athletes’ competitive achievements,the blessing of sports marketization and commercialization,the social participation of fans in the new media era,and the maintenance of group relations under the community of interest.The realistic dilemmas of “fandom culture” in sports are examined from four dimensions:of individual dimension,the self-lost of emotional expression;of group dimension,the blind obedience to discipline and suppression;of social dimension,the consumption vortex surrounded by capital;and of cultural dimension,the loss of pan-entertainment discourse.Based on these,the way to promote the healthy development of “fandom culture” in sports are proposed:respecting individual demands to strengthen the whole-process educational guidance;updating circle rules to perfect organizational norms and mechanisms;strengthening capital supervision to make capital return to service original intention;and carrying forward the Chinese sports spirit to enhance value leadership.

In the context of comprehensively strengthening and improving China’s aesthetic education in the new era,it is necessary to deeply explore the cultural origins,value orientation and practical approaches of martial arts aesthetic education in China,which is not only the intrinsic requirement for showcasing the educational value of martial arts and promoting cultivating beauty with martial arts,but also an inevitable move to uphold the spirit of Chinese aesthetic education and enhance aesthetic literacy.The study concludes that Chinese martial arts aesthetic education,originating from the fusion of martial arts and dance,developing through the process of ritual music education and flourishing through inner transcendence,has formed a value orientation of cultivating beauty with martial arts that pursues unity of body and mind,emphasizes intellectual enlightenment,and aspires to a life of leisure and reverence.To promote cultivating beauty with martial arts,it is necessary to respond to the ideal of holistic education to build a multi-dimensional integrated martial arts aesthetic education curriculum system;to enhance the professionalism of martial arts teachers to continuously strengthen their aesthetic education awareness and abilities;to create an aesthetic immersion environment to create a diverse range of martial arts aesthetic nurturing fields;and to improve the evaluation system to establish a monitoring and feedback mechanism for the implementation of martial arts aesthetic education.Only in this way can the value pursuit of cultivating beauty with martial arts be truly realized to contribute wisdom and strength to the effective realization of the goal of fostering virtue through education.

The policy attribute determines its implementation mode,which is an important factor affecting policy effectiveness.Exploring the dynamic transformation of the implementation mode by adjusting the “ambiguity-conflict” attribute is a beneficial attempt to alleviate the current difficulties in implementing school sports policies.Using logical analysis and case analysis as the main research methods,this study deeply elaborates on the theoretical framework and practical approaches of the transformation of the implementation modes of school sports policies.It believes that pattern classification based on attribute recognition is the foundation of the transformation of the implementation modes of school sports policies in China,the correction of dominant elements based on specific contexts is the key to mode transformation,and the adjustment of “ambiguity-conflict” attributes is the basic guideline for pattern transformation.On the basis of clarifying the basic logic of mode transformation,combined with grassroots experience in policy implementation,the study proposes the transformation enlightenments including high-level promotion to stimulate the driving force of mode transformation,community construction to reduce mode transformation obstacles,digital empowerment to improve mode transformation efficiency and institutional construction to alleviate the pressure of mode transformation.

The high-quality development of sport universities is inevitable,strategic and developmental,which is the key to taking the initiative in the future development of higher physical education.The study takes the high-quality development practice of Shenyang Sport University as an example and result-orientation,innovation-driving,coordination,sustainability,opening and sharing as characteristics in order to promote sports talent cultivation and scientific research and innovation of high-quality development.Shenyang Sport University has achieved continuous improvement in the quality of education and service capacity by improving the quality of education,stimulating the vitality of research,strengthening the effectiveness of social services and expanding international cooperation.As a highland for training sports talents,the university actively responds to national strategic requirements and promotes the implementation of a sports power and the implementation of the Healthy China strategy.In order to achieve the high-quality development of sport universities,the universities should insist on characteristic development and focus on connotation construction,and take the fundamental paths of leading development with high-quality Party building,gathering consensus with goal management,and stimulating motivation with deepening reforms,promoting development through the “five transformations”,so as to enhance the self-consciousness and self-conduction of sport universities in serving the building of a great modern socialist country.

Urban age-friendly community sports can contribute to build a positive and healthy view of aging,which elderly-oriented renovation plays an important part in promoting the high-quality development of sports for the elderly.The study takes the construction of national age-friendly communities as an opportunity to explore the theoretical connotation,practical dilemmas,and implementation strategies of elderly-oriented renovation of sports in urban age-friendly communities.In elderly-oriented renovation of sports in urban age-friendly communities,it finds that the idea of age-friendly city construction is falling behind with insufficient innovation;the institutional assurance for the elderly sports with limited scope;the elderly’s technological barriers and digital divide are exacerbated with impeded effectiveness;and the resource distribution shows imbalanced with uneven supply and demand matching.Accordingly,in order to build an age-friendly society with joint construction,joint governance and shared benefits,this study proposes the implementation strategies for age-friendly society sports in terms of putting the idea of age-friendly city construction into practice,bolstering institutional assurance for the development of sports for the elderly,removing technological barriers and the digital divide for the elderly,and refining the system for allocating resources for sports for the elderly.

Digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching is an inevitable requirement to promote the high-quality development of school sports.Based on the perspective of TOE theory,this study makes a deep analysis on the mechanism,challenges and breakthrough pathways of digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching.It concludes that the mechanism of action of digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching is manifested as follows:At technological level,the digital transformation of physical education classroom teaching constructs the underlying architecture with digital technology;At organizational level,all-component collaboration and “student-centered” paradigm innovation drive the digital transformation of physical education classes;At environmental level,the multidimensional construction of educational space guarantees the digital transformation process of physical education classroom teaching.However,in the current transformation process there still exists realistic challenges:Digital teaching facilities are “insufficient in terms of quantity and quality”,and there is a lack of “digital sports+” composite talents;The endogenous capacity of educational subjects is weak,and the mechanism of organizational synergy and linkage is insufficient;The policy concept is biased,and the pathways of digitization is unclear.Accordingly,the breakthrough pathways are proposed:to promote the digital teaching scene in quantity and quality to broaden the means for cultivating “digital sports+” composite talents;to enhance the endogenous ability of teachers in digital transformation to build an inter-organizational all-factor linkage mechanism for sharing and co-construction;and to strengthen the top-level design of the digital transformation policy to optimize the environmental protection system for physical education classroom teaching.

Campus basketball curriculum has an important role in improving teenagers’ athletic abilities,promoting their healthy behaviors and cultivating their sports virtues.This paper uses the methods of literature review,logical analysis and comparative analysis to explore the relevant issues in campus basketball curriculum teaching under the background of the revitalization of the “Three Big Balls”.It indicates that under the background of the revitalization of “Three Big Balls”,campus basketball curriculum teaching is currently confronted with several practical dilemmas:Administrators’ overemphasis on intellectual education at the expense of physical education leads to the inability to offer sufficient and complete physical education courses;Teachers’ excessive focus on technical skills rather than the educational essence results in the ineffective realization of the nurturing value in basketball curriculum;The misalignment of teaching,learning and evaluation in curriculum design makes it arduous to objectively evaluate students’ core competencies.The disparity between a large number of students and a scarcity of basketball courts during the course implementation phase severely undermines the teaching efficacy.On the basis of analyzing the causes of the practical dilemmas,further solutions are proposed:Breaking the shackles of administrators’ fixed concepts to promote the teaching reform of campus basketball curriculum from top to bottom; Guiding the transformation of the educational concepts of basketball teachers to drive teaching innovation and the students’ all-round development;Reconstructing the system of consistency among teaching,learning and assessment to achieve the all-round educational goals of the campus basketball curriculum;And optimizing resource allocation and innovating teaching strategies to overcome the constraints of campus basketball court resources.

The digital development of society has profoundly changed people’s lives,which enriches individual lifestyles but gradually plunges individuals into the dilemmas of reality-virtual disconnection,spiritual-physical detachment,and the alienation of digital labour on body.In the perspective of embodiment,sport,as a social being based on reality and emphasising physical activity,increasingly highlights its significance in facilitating individuals’ escape from the aforementioned dilemmas.Firstly,sports effectively transform physical capital and facilitate the return of individuals to reality.Secondly,sports make the return to the ontology in the biological and social unity and couple the mental and the physical.Finally,sports enable people to return to physical labour and eliminate the alienation of the digital space on body.Based on these,and taking into account the embodied attributes of sports,this study proposes realisation paths for sports in the digital age to promote the return of individuals to reality and body.Firstly,through the communication of sports rituals,empathy and sympathy are reached to construct a favourable “the being of emotional state”.Secondly,the unity of body and mind in sports is emphasised to eliminate “the body of machine state”.Thirdly,a scene of interpersonal interaction in the field of sports to shape “the body of communication state”.

Digital technology empowers the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage in sports of the new era.Through the methods of literature and field investigation,this study examines its functional mechanisms and further proposes the promotion strategies.It suggests that digital technology,as a new engine,has new effects on the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage of sports,which functional mechanisms are manifested as reshaping the protection methods of intangible cultural heritage of sports,rebuilding its inheritance scenes,expanding the dissemination channels and improving the industrial forms.Based on the above,the promotion strategies are proposed from four aspects of accelerating the improvement of the data system,the development of virtual space,the utilization of digital media and the application of intelligent technology.

In order to further construct the high-quality competitions of CBA,this paper employs the methods of literature review,expert interviews,video observation and mathematical statistics to analyze the characteristics of competitive elements in the professional growth period of CBA players and propose optimization strategies.The results show that the competitive elements of the professional growth period of CBA players include age structure,physical indicators,competitive performance,players transfer,contract modification and so on.The causes of the characteristics of these competitive elements involve poor institutional linkage,inconsistent selection standards,low efficiency of performance,different path choices and insufficient competitive potential.Accordingly,optimization strategies are proposed including optimizing age structure to establish a dual-core output system;monitoring the physical indicators to improve intelligent talents selection and supply mode;improving competitive performance to scientifically and precisely focus on efficiency;ensuring the output of players to broaden the channels for training high-quality talents;and facilitating contract modification to create an open environment to exploit potential.

Under the further promotion of the education digitalization strategy,the digital transformation of school physical education has become an important issue in implementing the concept of “health first” and promoting the all-round development of students.Using the methods of literature review,in-depth interview and logical analysis,this study explores the inherent logic of the digital transformation of school physical education (PE) under the education digitalization strategy,systematically examines the obstacles and driving forces behind the digital transformation of school PE and proposes the practical paths.It suggests that the digital transformation of school PE is jointly driven by the interaction and integration of environmental,organizational,and technological factors.The main real obstacles to the current digital transformation of school PE include the inertia of traditional PE teaching and rigid management systems,the rapid iteration of technology coupled with lagging infrastructure construction,and shortages of digital talents along with inadequate training systems.The main driving forces include the support of policy guarantees,the leadership of technological innovation,the impetus of industrial integration,the expansion capabilities of diverse scenario applications,and the driving force of students’ all-round development.Based on the above,the practical paths are proposed:Improving the inertia of traditional PE teaching and establishing a comprehensive digital management system,enhancing the updating of digital equipment and improving the construction of campus digital infrastructure,and strengthening the cultivation of digital talents and innovating teaching practices for digital PE talents.

New quality productive forces are an important driver for high-quality development of physical education.By the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this study explores the action mechanisms,key dimensions and promotion strategies of physical education empowered by new quality productive forces.It concludes that new quality productive forces can promote the connotation innovation of physical education,upgrade the elements of physical education and clarify the development trend of physical education;and new quality productive forces empower physical education in five key dimensions of concept,goal,context,technology and connection.There still exist the following dilemmas:immature development environment,obstructed two-way path and insufficient talent reserve.Based on the above,promotion strategies are proposed like establishing the concept of new quality productive forces to create a suitable development environment;opening up the path of cooperation and exchange to build a platform for sharing common benefits;and forming a synergistic cultivation system to construct a diversified talent matrix.

The high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry is an important component of the construction of sports power,and digital technology has provided strong momentum for it.This paper uses literature and logical analysis to explain the action mechanisms,application scenarios,practical dilemmas and implementation paths of digital technology empowering high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry.The results show that digital technology plays a significant role in improving the development efficiency of ice and snow tourism industry,promoting the upgrading of industrial structure,and promoting management model innovation.In the application scenarios,virtual reality technology innovates the immersive experience of ice and snow tourism,Internet of Things technology improves the level of intelligent management,cloud computing technology develops a new marketing model,and big data technology improves services quality.However,the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry empowered by digital technology still faces many practical dilemmas,such as the prominent phenomenon of digital divide,the difficulty in solving isolated data island,hidden dangers in data security,the shortage of digital and ice and snow high-end compound professional talents,and the need for sound institutional construction.Accordingly,the implementation paths are proposed: accelerating the bridging of the digital divide in the ice and snow tourism industry,solving the problem of isolated data island in the ice and snow tourism industry,strengthening data security protection in ice and snow tourism,cultivating digital compound talents for ice and snow tourism industry,and promoting the construction of digital ice and snow tourism system.

The immersive physical education in colleges and universities empowered by extended reality (XR) technology not only indicates the future trend of educational digitization,but also holds great significance for constructing a high-quality education system in the digital age.This research adopts research methods of literature review and logical reasoning,based on collating the development context of XR technology and the connotation of immersive physical education in colleges and universities,deeply expounds on the value implications and application paths of immersive physical education in colleges and universities.It holds that the value implications of immersive physical education in colleges and universities empowered by XR technology are reflected in the following aspects:reshaping teaching concepts to emphasize individual needs and comprehensive qualities;reconstructing the teacher-student relationship to promote in-depth dialogue and collaborative mutual assistance;innovating teaching contents to realize the integration of cutting-edge technology and physical education discipline;creating teaching scenarios to enhance the learning effectiveness of human-machine collaboration;and optimizing teaching evaluation to facilitate the scientific improvement of teaching plans.The application paths of immersive physical education in colleges and universities empowered by XR technology are as follows:relying on the advantages of XR technology to enrich the contents and presentation forms of physical education theory teaching;optimizing the cultivation strategies of motor skills to achieve precise guidance and injury prevention;strengthening the application of simulated tactical scenarios to improve sports decision-making and tactical understanding;and developing new psychological healing programs to address students’ sports-related psychological issues.

The high complexity of large-scale sporting events brings new challenges to national security.Resilience governance,with its unique advantages,has become a fundamental way and path to deal with risks in large-scale sporting events under the perspective of comprehensive implementation of the overall national security concept.The logical paths of resilient governance for large-scale sporting events manifest in several ways:adaptive capabilities of event organizations and collaborative governance among multiple subjects to strengthen event safety and organizing;crisis recovery and cognitive enhancement of event organizations to improve event safety;and the effectiveness of collective and self-organizing behaviors of event organizations to optimize event safety actions.However,resilient governance of large-scale sporting events still face practical challenges such as outdated concepts and suboptimal structures,absence or misalignment of multiple subjects,inadequate facility planning and resource allocation,distorted information and poor communication.Based on these,the following practical approaches are proposed:promoting organizational adaptive innovation to strengthen the governance resilience of event organizations;absorbing and optimizing multiple subjects to create a co-governance framework for event subjects;advancing planning and resource matching to enhance event crisis recovery capabilities;and screening information and ensuring smooth channels to enhance the effectiveness of collective event behaviors.

By using the methods of literature review,expert interview and mathematical statistics,this study analyzes the winning advantages,realistic difficulties and solution strategies for China’s preparation for the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics.It suggests that the successful hosting of the Beijing Winter Olympics,the institutional advantages of China’s unique nationwide system,the outstanding performance of Chinese sports teams during the “Milan cycle”,and the innovative application of technology assisting and modern intelligent methods are the key winning advantages for preparing for the Milan Winter Olympics.However,the international ice and snow sports pattern has formed a group advantage,the distribution of China’s key advantageous ice and snow events is less,the overall international competitiveness is not strong,the “dividend” of ice and snow sports layout is weakened,and the new changes in the overseas competition environment under the century-old changes in the world take place,which bring severe tests to China’s training and preparation.Accordingly,it puts forward the solution strategies in preparing for the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics: Exerting “new nationwide system” to integrate the advantages of multiple resources in order to build a new mode of preparation for ice and snow events with multiple participation; Classifying and judging the ability of China’s ice and snow events to participate in order to scientifically plan the participation layout for key events and support strategies for new events; Attaching great importance to the breakthrough development of fundamental physical fitness events in order to precisely enhance the special physical fitness reserves of ice and snow athletes; Establishing a risk prevention and control early warning mechanism for the national teams to participate in the competition in order to comprehensively enhance the safety effectiveness of overseas preparation and participation; And deepening the digital empowerment and technology assistance for ice and snow sports events in order to improve the scientific and intelligent level of training and preparation.

Elderly-friendliness of barrier-free physical health services is an important measure to enhance the happiness and sense of acquisition of the elderly in China,to improve the quality of the population and to build a harmonious socialist society.In order to accelerate high-quality development of elderly-friendliness of barrier-free physical health services,employing methodologies of literature review,field investigation and logical analysis,this study elucidates the theoretical foundations underlying elderly-friendliness of barrier-free physical health services.Through in-depth examination of three modes of barrier-free sports health care,barrier-free sports rehabilitation and barrier-free health promotion,it systematically identifies realistic obstructions in China’s current advancement of elderly-friendliness of barrier-free physical health services,involving misalignment between sports equipment design and elderly-friendly requirements,supply-demand mismatch in sports facilities,insufficient endogenous motivation within public sports services and deficiencies in sports management regulatory oversight.Accordingly,this study proposes some action paths including science and technology empowering infrastructure so as to catalyze new developmental momentum,improving the performance of infrastructure for elderly-friendly services so as to manifest humanistic care of elderly-friendly sports values,multiple co-governance innovation to reshape service mechanisms and regulatory standardization to optimize service models.

Cultivating and sending more outstanding talents to work in international sports organisations is an important way to enhance China’s abilities to participate in global sports governance,international influence and discourse.This paper uses literature and logical analysis methods to systematically expound the value implications,target orientation,three-dimensional construction logic and strategies for cultivating talent for China’s international sports organisations in the context of global sports governance reform.It concludes that sports talent cultivation for China’s international sports organisations in the context of global sports governance reform is of great significance for promoting the construction of a strong country in terms of talent and sports,enhancing China’s international influence and discourse in sports,and carrying out sports diplomacy and international cooperation.Talent cultivation should be implemented in three dimensions of professionalism,expertise and basic literacy on professional management,professional application and interdisciplinarity.Accordingly,it proposes a talent cultivation strategies for China’s international sports organisations in the context of global sports governance reform: The government should base on top-level design,strive for employment and internship opportunities,and organise training seminars to improve professionalism;Sports associations should conduct sports skills training,emphasise theoretical knowledge education,and host various international sports events to strengthen professionalism;Universities should conduct foreign language proficiency training,organise exchange activities between China and foreign countries,and strengthen the construction of professional disciplines to develop basic literacy.

The “14th Five-Year Plan for Sports Development” clearly states that China’s sports development should adhere to the socialist sports system with Chinese characteristics and steadfastly follow the path of sports development with Chinese characteristics. By the methods of expert interviews and field research,this paper systematically sorts out the structure of China’s youth volleyball competition system and analyzes its development effectiveness under the strategy of building a sports power and the strengthening of youth sports work. It finds that China’s youth volleyball competition system has formed a composite model integrating the sports system and the education system,cultivating and selecting talents through a variety of competitive platforms,which effectively promotes the popularization and development of volleyball. However,the system still facesthe realistic dilemmas such as insufficient integration of sports and education,limited competition opportunities,single function of events and single source of funding. In response to these issues,it proposes a series of relief strategies,including deepening the integration of sports and education to build a collaborative system and cultivate well-rounded talents;expanding competition opportunities to improve the competition system and enhance competitive strength;exerting diversify competition functions to explore multiple values and expand social impact;and optimizing the funding structure to broaden funding channels and ensure sustainable development.

The co-production of youth sports public services represents a trend of time that promotes a people-centered social governance pattern of “co-construction,shared governance and shared benefits”.It has emerged as a new paradigm for the high-quality provision of youth sports public services.Using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,based on the theory of co-production,this paper discusses the process mechanisms and practical barriers for co-production in youth sports public services through digital empowerment,and proposes the high-quality promotion paths.It suggests that digital technology,characterized by accuracy,integration,interactivity,disintermediation and sharing,can enhance the co-production of youth sports public services on both quality and efficiency.However,the co-production empowered by digital technology faces several challenges:the mismatch of service supply caused by poor demand perception and expression,the constraints on service experience quality due to limited supply and application alienation,weakened intrinsic motivation for participation due to a lack of standards and rigid supply,heightened data security risks resulting from insufficient supervision and unclear rights and responsibilities,and digital evaluation distortions caused by formalism and superficial participation.To ensure the high-quality supply of youth sports public services,it is essential to optimize political and social cooperation mechanisms,enhance digital supply capabilities,promote the establishment of digital standards,strengthen data security regulations,and improve digital quality evaluation systems.

With the help of system science theory,this research constructs the evaluation index system of subject demand motivation,clarifies the relationship of multiple subject demand based on the demand iceberg theory,analyzes the constraints in China’s competitive basketball reserve talent cultivation mechanisms,and thus further puts forward the optimization strategies.It suggests that managers,coaches,teachers and athletes are the core participants in China’s competitive basketball reserve talent cultivation mechanisms,and the coordination and satisfaction of their multi-level needs is an important condition for the efficient operation of the mechanism.In this process,the cooperative game among their own interests leads to contradictions and constraints from time to time,and then leads to problems such as mismatch of high-quality resources,low-quality grassroots training,and uneven team development.Accordingly,the optimization strategies are put forward:Government coordination and institutional guarantee are applied to promote the rule of law in talent cultivation;High-quality resource supply-demand bridge is constructed to integrate high-tech into the sports training process;And subject ideology and ability reinforcement are improved to build a professional talent cultivation team.

In the new stage of development,physical activity promotion for the elderly is an inevitable requirement for comprehensively promoting the construction of Healthy China.Through the methods of literature review,logical analysis and interviews and from the perspective of physical literacy,this study explores the relationship between physical literacy and healthy aging,inspects the internal logic of physical activity promotion for the elderly in terms of realistic and theoretical ways,analyzes the developmental dilemmas in physical activity promotion for the elderly,and puts forward corresponding paths to alleviate them.It concludes that physical activity promotion for the elderly currently faces multiple developmental dilemmas,such as marginalization of body,lack of environment,temporal and spatial fragmentation and weak evaluation.Accordingly,the study proposes the following paths to alleviate the dilemmas in physical activity promotion for the elderly:focusing on body functions to enhance the initiative;strengthening temporal and spatial adjustment to ensure the continuity;focusing on physical experience to increase the participation rate;and constructing evaluation system to enhance the standardization.

Based on the explanation of the connotation of cultivating healthy psychological lifestyles through outdoor sports,this study makes an in-depth analysis of its inherent logic.Grounded on Fushun’s regionally distinctive mountainous and aquatic resources,it explores the implementation paths surrounding the cores of the development of regional brand sporting events,the exploitation of regional advantages and the enforcement of outdoor sports infrastructure.It reveals that hosting high-level sporting events can significantly enhance the social impact of outdoor sports to stimulate public engagement enthusiasm;the creation of brand sporting events can effectively promote the popularization of outdoor sports to attract the public participation;developing seasonally diversified projects based on regional characteristics can meet multiple demands of the public;and the construction of outdoor sports systems can promote public fitness to advance the high-quality development of sports industry.

In the international context that the number of gold medals tends to converge,the assessment of the non-market value of Olympic gold medals plays a key role in validating the reasonableness of governmental public expenditures and public recognition of national achievements.Using the Tokyo Olympics as a case study,this research employs the Contingent Valuation Method and Weibull regression model to estimate the non-market value of Olympic gold medals based on the willingness-to-pay of Shanghai residents.It indicates that Olympic gold medals possess significant non-market value,with nearly half of the surveyed Shanghai residents demonstrating a willingness to pay an average of 43.440 yuan per gold medal.There is a difference in the public’s perception of the value of Olympic gold medals,whose willingness to pay is influenced by symbolic capital,consumption capital and socio-demographic variables,with younger groups and middle-income groups exhibiting relatively lower willingness to pay.Olympic gold medals are not only a symbol of athletic achievement,but also an important part of national soft power.The public’s willingness to pay reflects a high degree of recognition of national sports achievements.Based on this,it is recommended to strengthen the value communication system of Olympic gold medals;to increase the sports participation of teenagers and low- and middle-income groups,and to establish a mechanism for precise resources allocation in sports.It is anticipated that this will provide a theoretical foundation for the government to formulate more precise and effective sports policies.

This study mainly explores the impacts of transcranial direct current stimulation on the serving speed,serving accuracy and athletic performance of college male volleyball players in simulated matches.By the experimental method,Methods:28 healthy male college volleyball players are randomly divided into an anodal stimulation group and a sham stimulation group,receiving continuous 5-session,5-day transcranial direct current stimulation or sham stimulation targeting the primary motor cortex.Serving tests and simulated match performance tests are conducted before and after stimulation.A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (stimulation condition×time) is used to compare the differences in serving speed,serving accuracy,serving initiative,active actions,neutral actions and negative actions in matches before and after the two types of stimulations.Research results:In terms of the athletic performance on serving,the anodal stimulation group’s serving speed is significantly higher than which before stimulation(P<0.05),while there is no significant difference in the serving speed before and after stimulation in the sham stimulation group.The total score of serving accuracy in the anodal stimulation group is significantly improved(P<0.05),and there is no change in the total score of serving accuracy before and after stimulation under sham stimulation.The number of 7-zone serves significantly increases after anodal stimulation(P<0.05),whereas there is no change in the number of 7-zone serves before and after stimulation under sham stimulation.In simulated matches,under anodal stimulation,the number of active serving actions significantly increases after stimulation(P<0.05),and the number of neutral serving actions significantly decreases compared to before stimulation(P<0.05),whereas there is no significant difference in the scores of active and neutral serving actions before and after stimulation under sham stimulation.For overall active actions in the match,the overall active actions significantly increase after anodal stimulation(P<0.05),and overall neutral actions significantly decrease after stimulation(P<0.05);in terms of overall negative actions in the matches,there is no interaction between stimulation condition and time,and the main effects of both stimulation condition and time are not significant.It argues that:Five consecutive days of transcranial direct current stimulation can enhance the special technical performance and simulated match performance of college male volleyball players.This technology can help college male volleyball players improve their muscle strength control and neural excitability,thereby increasing the performance of active actions and reducing the display of neutral actions in actual matches.

Digitalization empowering flexible governance of national fitness public services essentially represents the integration of digital technology and governance concepts,aiming to enhance the governance efficiency of public services for national fitness.Through the methods of literature review,field surveys and logical analysis,this study employs the SFIC model as analytical framework and the questions of why digital technology empowers,how digital technology empowers,the reasons behind “negative empowerment” and pathways for increased empowerment as research thought.It explores the intrinsic logic,implementation mechanisms,“negative empowerment” causes and optimization strategies of digital empowerment in the flexible governance of public services for national fitness.It concludes that the intrinsic logic of digital empowerment in the flexible governance of public services for national fitness is based on a people-centered “good governance” logic,a “sound governance” logic that enhances governance efficiency,and an “intelligent governance” logic that intertwines digitalization and governance.Through the analysis of the implementation mechanisms and practical scenarios of flexible governance in public services for national fitness using the SFIC model,it suggests that some practical issues still exist including a failure of govenance capacity at the subject level,a disorder in spatial governance at the spatial level,a loss of control over the scope of supervision at the technical level,and an imbalance in emotional recognition at the psychological level.Accordingly,the study proposes the following optimization strategies: at the subject level,establishing a pragmatic governance philosophy; at the spatial level,creating a collaborative and standardized spatial order; at the technical level,developing an open and transparent governance process; and at the psychological level,forming a governance system that fosters emotional recognition.

Industrial integration has become a new driving force for the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry.Using literature review and logical analysis,this study systematically dissects and analyzes the driving mechanisms of high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry from the perspective of industrial integration.It finds that the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry can be deconstructed into original system,driving system,pulling system and support system.In the process of industrial integration,original system is the driving force,driving system is the fundamental motivation,pulling system is the external driving force,and support system is the guarantee.The four systems work together to achieve the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry.Accordingly,the study proposes that the driving mechanisms for the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry in the process of industrial integration include the coordination of subjects,technological support,product innovation,and talent cultivation and foundation building.Industrial integration provides practical guidance for it.Taking industrial integration as a development path can help transform the single-line ice and snow tourism value chain into a clustered ice and snow tourism value network and expand the development space of the industry.

School physical education is a key component in advancing educational modernization and implementing the strategy of sports power.New quality productive forces,characterized by high efficiency and high performance,can activate the diverse functions and comprehensive value of school physical education,providing a new “blue ocean” for its high-quality development.This study utilizes literature review and logical analysis to elucidate the intrinsic characteristics and logical pathways and implementation paths of the high-quality development of school physical education empowered by new quality productive forces.It suggests that new quality productive forces can promote innovation,coordination,green,openness and shared development in school physical education.The logical pathways are reflected in providing driving force,supports,expansion and synergy for the high-quality development of school physical education through technological innovation,optimization of elements,resource openness and cross-boundary circulation.The implementation paths include: strengthening innovation-driven development to foster innovative development in school physical education,optimizing resource allocation to achieve coordinated development in school physical education,constructing a green ecological environment to promote green development in school physical education,enhancing internal and external linkages to promote open development in school physical education,and focusing on cooperative innovation to achieve shared development in school physical education.

Driven by emerging technologies,the models and pathways of sports brand consumption are continually innovated and optimized.This study employs literature review and logical analysis to systematically expound the main achievements of emerging technologies in advancing sports brand consumption based on consuming behavior models of sports brand and the construction of cognitive patterns.It suggests that emerging technologies promote the model evolution of sports brand consumption by enabling systematic monitoring,enhancing predictive accuracy and optimizing evaluation effectiveness.By establishing a cloud platform for sports brand consumption,developing a predictive model for visual search features,and refining intelligent marketing strategies,sports brand operators can more accurately align with market demands and strengthen interactions between brands and consumers.Looking ahead,advancements in consumer behavior analysis and predictive models,the deep application of omnichannel integration marketing,and the innovative personalized intelligent marketing strategies will drive the ongoing growth of sports brand consumption models,supporting sports brands in maintaining a competitive advantage in a dynamic market.

The high-quality development of physical education in China’s primary and secondary schools is essential to build a strong nation in both education and sports.The corresponding indicator system provides clear goals and practical guidelines for enhancing the physical education quality.Guided by the new development concept and grounded in the CIPP model,this study integrates literature review,the Delphi method,the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and logical analysis to systematically construct an indicator system for the high-quality development of physical education in China’s primary and secondary schools and to determine the weight of each indicator level.The indicator system comprises four primary indicators of background quality,input quality,process quality and outcome quality along with 12 secondary and 57 tertiary indicators.The findings reveal that background quality is rooted in value orientation,input quality is driven by teacher competence,process quality is realized through curriculum implementation,and outcome quality is reflected in students’ development.Accordingly,it is necessary to establish a value-oriented governance framework,innovate resource allocation models,refine quality control mechanisms and develop a value-added evaluation system so as to promote the practical application of the indicator system for high-quality physical education development in China’s primary and secondary schools.

The history of school physical education can be traced back to the modern times,and it reflects the development process of school physical education in different historical periods,interacting with various factors such as society,culture and education.Based on the research logic of knowledge,science and disciplinary development,the research adopts literature research method and historical analysis method to systematically present the academic prospect of the knowledge system of school physical education history,and to explore its historical research pathways.Based on a retrospect of the emergence,initiation and development stages of school physical education history research,it finds that the current school physical education history research is faced with the problems such as vague delineation of research objects,dependence on other disciplines for research methods,and lack of distinctive theoretical systems.The development pathways of knowledge system of school physical education history are proposed:taking the theory construction as the core to establish school sports history knowledge system;taking paradigm fusion as the pathway to form a specific research paradigm of school physical education history;and taking discipline orientation as the starting point to establish and improve the discipline and academic community of school physical education history.

Effective policy cohesion for youth physical education is the key to constructing the youth physical education policy system in the new era.In this paper,through the literature method and logical analysis method,the three types of policy cohesion for youth physical education include cross-layer policy cohesion,cross-domain policy cohesion and cross-temporal policy cohesion.The common problems of effective policy cohesion involve discrete goal of policy system,resulting in insufficient orientation of policy cohesion;fragmented content of policy system,resulting in insufficient linking of policy cohesion;imbalanced instrument of policy system,resulting in insufficient implementation of policy cohesion;and imbalanced resources of policy cohesion,resulting in insufficient matching of policy cohesion.The implementation paths of effective policy cohesion contain that promoting the goal merging of related policies to improve the orientation of policy cohesion;realizing the content consistency of related policies to improve the synergy of policy cohesion;realizing the optimization and integration of related policy instruments to improve the governance efficacy of policy system;and optimizing the supply of policy resources to improve the matching of policy execution resources.

Chinese traditional sports are an important element of Chinese civilization,which can strengthen the spreading power and influence of Chinese civilization.This paper discusses the mechanism of body culture in Chinese traditional sports to promote the continuation and development of Chinese civilization by using the methods of literature review,logic analysis and philosophical speculation.It argues that Chinese traditional sports continues Chinese civilization in a unique way of body studies,behavioral science and posture study,and integrates into the new ritual and music culture,forming the special symbol of Chinese civilization.Chinese traditional sports can awaken the collective memory of body communication,promote the cultural identity of body practice and highlight the cultural pursuit in the sense of body posture.The body behaviors in Chinese traditional sports represent Chinese culture going global,the body images stimulating the self-consistent sharing of Chinese culture,the body symbols integrating western sports culture to promote recognition.Chinese traditional sports make breakthroughs in cross-integration,jump in the optimization combination and explore new academic growth points.

Promoting Chinese excellent traditional sports culture is a powerful means to consolidate the consciousness of the Chinese nation as a community and a spiritual pillar for enhancing national cohesion and building a sports power.By using the methods of text analysis and logical reasoning,this paper analyzes the characteristics and values of promoting Chinese excellent traditional sports culture in the game “Black Myth:Wukong” from the perspective of embodied cognition It suggests that “Black Myth:Wukong” promotes Chinese excellent traditional sports culture through standing out role interaction and body perception in action performance,embodying the concept of unity of body and mind and internal and external cultivation,and conveying the values of inheriting traditions and innovative integration.It also highlights the values of indicating the application of ancient wisdom in modern times through audio-visual symbols integrating traditional martial arts, enhancing cultural confidence through the narrative of “Journey to the West” that conveys the original spirit,and shaping ideological concepts through interactive mechanisms containing ideological and political education.Based on these,this paper draws enlightenment such as continuing the cultural heritage of traditional sports to enhance the influence and appeal of sports culture,promoting the Chinese sports spirit to strengthen the spiritual pillar of national cultural soft power,empowering the innovation of sports culture to release the efficiency of the coordinated development of culture,sports and tourism,as well as strengthening the development of traditional Chinese sports culture to deepen the implication of the cross-disciplinary integration and mutual learning of school sports.

Interdisciplinary thematic learning serves as a pivotal approach for fostering students’ core literacy and holistic development in physical education and health curriculum under the current educational context emphasizing the integration of moral,intellectual,physical,aesthetic and labor education.This study uses the literature method and on-the-spot investigation method to systematically analyze the practical essentials,dilemmas and pathways of interdisciplinary thematic learning in physical education and health curriculum.The practical essentials are to take interdisciplinary as the fundamental attribute,to cultivate students’ core literacy as the value to follow,to take the discipline as the conceptual boundary,to take the learning theme as the starting point of design,and to drive interdisciplinary theme learning through problem-based situations.However,the current interdisciplinary theme learning in physical education and health curriculum still has dilemmas in terms of teachers’ cognition,system establishment,coordinated development,situation creation and teaching evaluation.Based on the above,practical pathways are proposed to improve teachers’ interdisciplinary practical ability,to build an interdisciplinary thematic learning implementation system,to establish an interdisciplinary teaching and research community,to create authentic problematic situations,and to broaden the teaching evaluation system and application field,in order to improve the quality of interdisciplinary thematic learning in the physical education and health curriculum and promote the all-round development of students.

The empowerment of digital intelligence in advancing the professional development of physical education (PE) teaching-researchers represents a crucial pathway for accelerating educational digitalization.By the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this study examines the ideal paradigm,practical dilemmas and enhangcement pathways for PE researchers’ professional development empowered by digital intelligence.The findings propose an ideal paradigm comprising: establishing a digital intelligence-empowered PE research community,developing digital intelligence-driven research competencies,cultivating digital intelligence-oriented research thinking and constructing a professional team for intelligent PE research.The practical dilemmas include ambiguous role identification among PE researchers,underdeveloped digital intelligence research capacities,unformed data-driven research mind and slow progress in team development.Based on these,the enhancement pathways are put forward: Deepening professional cognition to facilitate interactive research practices;Harnessing digital intelligence technologies to enhance teaching-researchers’ capabilities;Innovating research paradigms to ensure their sustainable development;And optimizing qualification criteria to strengthen specialized training programs.

Parent education in youth sports participation can optimize parental behaviors,enhance parental educational skills,and promote youth sports participation.Using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,based on discussion of its connotation and values,analysis of current dilemmas and systematical review of the experiences of developed countries in exploring the needs,content design,and implementation of parent education in youth sports participation,this paper puts forward some Chinese strategies to promote the development of parent education in youth sports participation:Enhancing the importance of parent education research to promote its development through the efforts of the whole society;Exploring the needs of parent education to construct a local content system of parent education and to cultivate professional talents for parent education;Exploring the practical pathways for Chinese-style parent education to promote parent education to be a “compulsory course” in youth sports participation.